select是全平台通用的IO多路复用模块。最大连接数：1024。

poll和epoll没有最大连接数限制，但只能用在linux平台。

selectors是再封装模块，推荐使用。下篇会讨论。

select.select(rlist, wlist, xlist[, timeout])¶

This is a straightforward interface to the Unix select() system call. The first three arguments are sequences of ‘waitable objects’: either integers representing file descriptors or objects with a parameterless method named fileno() returning such an integer:

Empty sequences are allowed, but acceptance of three empty sequences is platform-dependent. (It is known to work on Unix but not on Windows.) The optional timeout argument specifies a time-out as a floating point number in seconds. When the timeout argument is omitted the function blocks until at least one file descriptor is ready. A time-out value of zero specifies a poll and never blocks.

The return value is a triple of lists of objects that are ready: subsets of the first three arguments. When the time-out is reached without a file descriptor becoming ready, three empty lists are returned.

Among the acceptable object types in the sequences are Python file objects (e.g. sys.stdin, or objects returned by open() or os.popen()), socket objects returned by socket.socket(). You may also define a wrapper class yourself, as long as it

rlist: wait until ready for reading

wlist: wait until ready for writing

xlist: wait for an “exceptional condition” (see the manual page for what your system considers such a condition)

方法、属性参数作用示例select(rlist,wlist,rlist,[timout=1])



poll()
没人用了，已经升级为epoll


epoll(sizehint = -1,flags=0)

sizehint informs epoll about the expected number of events to be registered. It must be positive, or-1to use the default. It is only used on older systems where epoll_create1() is not available; otherwise it has no effect (though its value is still checked).

flags is deprecated and completely ignored. However, when supplied, its value must be 0 or select.EPOLL_CLOEXEC, otherwise OSError is raised.

(Only supported on Linux 2.5.44 and newer.) Return an edge polling object, which can be used as Edge or Level Triggered interface for I/O events.

devpoll()

(Only supported on Solaris and derivatives.) Returns a /dev/poll polling object; see section /dev/poll Polling Objects below for the methods supported by devpoll objects.
kevent()

select.kevent(ident, filter=KQ_FILTER_READ, flags=KQ_EV_ADD, fflags=0, data=0, udata=0)¶

(Only supported on BSD.) Returns a kernel event object; see section Kevent Objects below for the methods supported by kevent objects.

kqueue()
(Only supported on BSD.) Returns a kernel queue object; see section Kqueue Objects below for the methods supported by kqueue objects.

importsocketimportosimportselectimportqueueimportjsonclassSelectFTP(object):def__init__(self,ip,port):self.server=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)self.server.setblocking(0)self.server.bind((ip,port))self.server.listen(20)self.inputs=[self.server]self.outputs=[]self.file_attr={}#file_attrformat:file_attr[socket]:{func:'',filename:'',len:999,recv_len:0}self.socket_queue={}defupload(self,sock,write_data):#ifos.path.isfile(self.file_attr[sock]['filename']):withopen(self.file_attr[sock]['filename'],'a+')asfile:file.write(data)self.file_attr[sock][recv_len]+=len(write_data)ifself.file_attr[sock][recv_len]==self.file_attr[sock][len]:delself.file_attr[sock]file.close()defdownload(self,sock,*args):passdefrun(self):whileself.inputs:read_active,read_output,exception=select.select(self.inputs,self.outputs,self.inputs)forfdinread_active:iffdisserver:conn,addr=fd.accept(1024)conn.setblocking(0)self.inputs=self.inputs.append(conn)self.socket_queue[fd]=queue.Queue()else:recv_data=fd.recv(1024)ifrecv_data:data=json.loads(recv_data.decode())iffdnotinself.file_attr.keys:self.file_attr[fd]=dataelse:try:self.socket_queue.put_nowait(data)iffdnotinself.outputs:self.outputs.append(fd)exceptExceptionase:print(e)else:self.inputs.remove(fd)iffdinself.outputs:self.outputs.remove(fd)delself.socket_queue[fd]send_data=forfdinread_output:try:message=self.socket_queue.get_nowait()exceptqueue.Empty:self.outputs.remove(fd)print('wait...')else:getattr(self.file_attr[fd]['func'])(fd,message)