王高利：Redis运维之常用命令操作

2025-04-17 技术教程

在平时的工作中，需要根据需求对Redis数据库进行一些操作。

可以参考Redis官网http://redis.io/commands进行详细了解

1.SELECT 切换数据库

redis127.0.0.1:6379[1]>HELPSELECTSELECTindexsummary:Changetheselecteddatabaseforthecurrentconnectionsince:1.0.0group:connectionredis127.0.0.1:6379[1]>SELECT2OK

2.LLEN 得到一个列表的长度

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPLLENLLENkeysummary:Getthelengthofalistsince:1.0.0group:listredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>LLENbi(integer)412

3.LRANGE 获取一个列表的所有元素

LRANGE 索引是以0开始的，0表示第一个元素，-1表示最后一个元素

LRANGEkeystartstopsummary:Getarangeofelementsfromalistsince:1.0.0group:listredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>LRANGEbi05

4.LPUSH 将一个或多个值添加到一个列表的开头

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPLPUSHLPUSHkeyvalue[value...]summary:Prependoneormultiplevaluestoalistsince:1.0.0group:listredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>LPUSHbihttp://abc.com/logUserLogin?event_id=25&uid=de721bcef5cba1fc182d18

5.RPUSH 将一个或多个值追加到一个列表的末尾

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPRPUSHRPUSHkeyvalue[value...]summary:Appendoneormultiplevaluestoalistsince:1.0.0group:listredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>RPUSHbihttp://abc.com/logUserLogin?event_id=25&uid=de721bcef5cba1fc182d18

6.SAVE 同步数据到磁盘

SAVE命令执行的时候会阻塞连接，所以生成环境最好使用BGSAVE命令

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPSAVESAVE-summary:Synchronouslysavethedatasettodisksince:1.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>SAVEOK(1.33s)

7.BGSAVE 异步数据到磁盘

使用BGSAVE,Redis将会在后台执行保存数据的操作，不影响正常的客户端连接，Redis将会fork出一个子进程用于保存数据，父进程继续处理客户端请求。

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPBGSAVEBGSAVE-summary:Asynchronouslysavethedatasettodisksince:1.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>BGSAVEBackgroundsavingstarted

8.TYPE 判断一个KEY的类型

redis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>HELPTYPETYPEkeysummary:Determinethetypestoredatkeysince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379[2]>TYPEbilist

9.BGREWRITEAOF

异步重写AOF文件，Redis将会创建一个对当前AOF文件优化过的AOF版本。

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpBGREWRITEAOFBGREWRITEAOF-summary:Asynchronouslyrewritetheappend-onlyfilesince:1.0.0group:server

10.CONFIG GET

获取某个配置项的值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpconfiggetCONFIGGETparametersummary:Getthevalueofaconfigurationparametersince:2.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379>configgetmaxmemory1)"maxmemory"2)"0"

11.CONFIG SET

设置某个参数的值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpconfigsetCONFIGSETparametervaluesummary:Setaconfigurationparametertothegivenvaluesince:2.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379>configsetmaxmemory200000000OK

12.DBSIZE

返回当前数据库的KEY值得数量

redis127.0.0.1:6379[3]>HELPDBSIZEDBSIZE-summary:Returnthenumberofkeysintheselecteddatabasesince:1.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379[3]>dbsize(integer)12502

13.DEL

删除一个KEY值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpdelDELkey[key...]summary:Deleteakeysince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>delfoo(integer)1

14.EXISTS

检查一个KEY是否存在

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpexistsEXISTSkeysummary:Determineifakeyexistssince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>existsfoo(integer)1

15.SET 命令

设置一个KEY的值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpsetSETkeyvaluesummary:Setthestringvalueofakeysince:1.0.0group:stringredis127.0.0.1:6379>setfootestOKredis127.0.0.1:6379>

16.PERSIST

删除一个KEY的过期时间

edis127.0.0.1:6379>helppersistPERSISTkeysummary:Removetheexpirationfromakeysince:2.2.0group:generic

17.RENAME

重新命名一个KEY

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helprenameRENAMEkeynewkeysummary:Renameakeysince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>renamefoofootestOKredis127.0.0.1:6379>

18.EXPIRE

为一个KEY设置一个TTL过期时间

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpexpireEXPIREkeysecondssummary:Setakey'stimetoliveinsecondssince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>expirefootest300(integer)1

19.TTL

获取过期时间

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpttlTTLkeysummary:Getthetimetoliveforakeysince:1.0.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfootest(integer)289redis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfootest(integer)285redis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfootest(integer)283redis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfootest(integer)282redis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfootest(integer)282redis127.0.0.1:6379>

20.EXPIREAT

设置一个KEY的过期时间，以UNIX时间戳表示

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpexpireatEXPIREATkeytimestampsummary:SettheexpirationforakeyasaUNIXtimestampsince:1.2.0group:genericredis127.0.0.1:6379>expireatfoo1431532800(integer)1redis127.0.0.1:6379>ttlfoo(integer)3210141

21.GET

获取一个KEY的值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helpgetGETkeysummary:Getthevalueofakeysince:1.0.0group:stringredis127.0.0.1:6379>getfoo"test"

22.HGET

获取一个哈希字段的值

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helphgetHGETkeyfieldsummary:Getthevalueofahashfieldsince:2.0.0group:hashredis127.0.0.1:6379>hsetmyhashfield1"foo"(integer)1redis127.0.0.1:6379>hgetmyhashfield1"foo"redis127.0.0.1:6379>hgetmyhashfield2(nil)redis127.0.0.1:6379>

23.LASTSAVE

上次成功保存数据到磁盘的UNIX时间戳

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helplastsaveLASTSAVE-summary:GettheUNIXtimestampofthelastsuccessfulsavetodisksince:1.0.0group:serverredis127.0.0.1:6379>lastsave(integer)1428373205redis127.0.0.1:6379>

24.LPUSH

将一个或多个值附加到一个Redis列表中

redis127.0.0.1:6379>helplpushLPUSHkeyvalue[value...]summary:Prependoneormultiplevaluestoalistsince:1.0.0group:listredis127.0.0.1:6379>lpushmylistabc(integer)6redis127.0.0.1:6379>LRANGEmylist0-11)"c"2)"b"3)"a"4)"c"5)"b"6)"a"redis127.0.0.1:6379>llenmylist(integer)6