Oracle安装之简单篇

安装准备包

linuxredhat5.8操作系统

oracle11g（以下是包名）

linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

安装准备

配置IP，hosts，主机名。

备注hosts文件一定要与主机名对应。（如下）

127.0.0.1localhost.localdomainlocalhost::1localhost6.localdomain6localhost6192.168.66.249dbserver.cjl.com

配置oracle环境脚本

#!/bin/bash#查看内存大小echo"MemCheck:swap>2G,MEM>2G"grep-imemtotal/proc/meminfogrep-iswaptotal/proc/meminfo#配置yum本地源cat<<END>/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo[local][local]calbaseurl=file:///mnt/Server/enabled=1gpgcheck=0END#挂载光盘并安装插件mount/dev/cdrom/mntyum-ygroupinstall"DevelopmentTools"yum-yinstallbinutilscompat-libstdc++-33elfutils-*gccgcc-c++*glibc*kernel-headerskshlibaio*libgcc#配置路由cat<<END>>/etc/sysctl.conffs.aio-max-nr=1048576fs.file-max=6815744kernel.shmall=2097152kernel.shmmax=536870912kernel.shmmni=4096kernel.sem=25032000100128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048576ENDsysctl-p#创建用户组和用户并授权groupadd-g500oinstallgroupadd-g501dbauseradd-goinstall-Gdbaoracleecho"123123"|passwd--stdinoraclemkdir/opt/oraclechown-Roracle:oinstall/opt/oraclechmod-R775/opt/oraclesudomkdir/opt/tmpsudochmoda+rw/opt/tmp#添加用户环境变量cat<<END>>/home/oracle/.bash_profileumask022exportORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexportORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2/db_1exportORACLE_SID=orclexportLANG=zh_CN.UTF-8exportNLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA".ZHS16GBKexportPATH=\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/binexportDISPLAY=:0.0END#添加认证模块cat<<END>>/etc/pam.d/loginsessionrequired/lib64/security/pam_limits.sosessionrequiredpam_limits.soEND#设置oracle限制cat<<END>>/etc/security/limits.conforaclesoftnproc2047oraclehardnproc16384oraclesoftnofile1024oraclehardnofile65536oraclesoftstack10240END#oracle软堆栈限制cat<<END>>/etc/profileif[$USER="oracle"];thenif[\$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];thenulimit-p16384ulimit-p65536elseulimit-u16384-n65536fifiEND

解压Oracle11g的包到oracle用户的home目录

unzip-d/home/oraclelinux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip&&unzip-d/home/oraclelinux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

允许用户oracle从本机访问

[root@dbserver~]#xhost+accesscontroldisabled,clientscanconnectfromanyhost

切换用户并进入解压目录运行安装

[root@dbserver~]#su-oracle[oracle@dbserver~]$lsdatabase[oracle@dbserver~]$cddatabase/[oracle@dbserverdatabase]$./runInstaller

运行root用户执行提示脚本

[root@dbserver~]#/opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh更改权限/opt/oracle/oraInventory.添加组的读取和写入权限。删除全局的读取,写入和执行权限。更改组名/opt/oracle/oraInventory到oinstall.脚本的执行已完成。[root@dbserver~]#/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/root.shRunningOracle11groot.shscript...Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:ORACLE_OWNER=oracleORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:Copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin...Copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin...Copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin...Creating/etc/oratabfile...Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededbyDatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreatedFinishedrunninggenericpartofroot.shscript.Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.Finishedproduct-specificrootactions.[root@dbserver~]#

访问以上地址测试https://dbserver.cjl.com:1158/em/

oracle用户访问测试

[oracle@dbserverdatabase]$sqlplussysassysdbaSQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononFriSep1805:28:472015Copyright(c)1982,2009,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.Enterpassword:Connectedto:OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.1.0-64bitProductionWiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptionsSQL>showuser;USERis"SYS"SQL>

图形界面添加数据库

如果重新启动还需web访问可用以下命令重新获取网址

[oracle@dbserver~]$emctlstartdbconsoleOracleEnterpriseManager11gDatabaseControlRelease11.2.0.1.0Copyright(c)1996,2009OracleCorporation.Allrightsreserved.https://dbserver.cjl.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplicationStartingOracleEnterpriseManager11gDatabaseControl........started.------------------------------------------------------------------Logsaregeneratedindirectory/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbserver.cjl.com_orcl/sysman/log

如果发现不能使用dbca命令时试试它

[oracle@dbserver~]$/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/dbcaXlib:connectionto":0.0"refusedbyserverXlib:Noprotocolspecified[root@dbserver~]#xhost+accesscontroldisabled,clientscanconnectfromanyhost

启动数据库先启动监听

[oracle@dbserver~]$lsnrctlLSNRCTLforLinux:Version11.2.0.1.0-Productionon18-SEP-201505:07:44Copyright(c)1991,2009,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.WelcometoLSNRCTL,type"help"forinformation.LSNRCTL>startStarting/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/tnslsnr:pleasewait...TNSLSNRforLinux:Version11.2.0.1.0-ProductionSystemparameterfileis/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraLogmessageswrittento/opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dbserver/listener/alert/log.xmlListeningon:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))Listeningon:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dbserver.cjl.com)(PORT=1521)))Connectingto(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))STATUSoftheLISTENER------------------------AliasLISTENERVersionTNSLSNRforLinux:Version11.2.0.1.0-ProductionStartDate18-SEP-201505:07:50Uptime0days0hr.0min.0secTraceLeveloffSecurityON:LocalOSAuthenticationSNMPOFFListenerParameterFile/opt/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.oraListenerLogFile/opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dbserver/listener/alert/log.xmlListeningEndpointsSummary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dbserver.cjl.com)(PORT=1521)))ThelistenersupportsnoservicesThecommandcompletedsuccessfullyLSNRCTL>quit[oracle@dbserver~]$sqlplussysassysdbaSQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononFriSep1805:08:122015Copyright(c)1982,2009,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.Enterpassword:Connectedtoanidleinstance.SQL>startupORACLEinstancestarted.TotalSystemGlobalArea839282688bytesFixedSize2217992bytesVariableSize541067256bytesDatabaseBuffers289406976bytesRedoBuffers6590464bytesDatabasemounted.Databaseopened.SQL>showuser;USERis"SYS"SQL>alterdatabaseopen;alterdatabaseopen*ERRORatline1:ORA-01531:adatabasealreadyopenbytheinstanceSQL>quitDisconnectedfromOracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.1.0-64bitProductionWiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions

关闭数据库

shutdown immediate

shutdown abort （上一条关闭不能执行，则执行这条强制关机）

关闭监听

lsnrctl stop

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