oracle的克隆

2025-04-16 技术教程

oracleonlinux安装多台服务器时可以采用一次安装副本多台克隆即可，简单快速.**************************************************************1、检查下列包是否安装**************************************************************yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++makebinutilscompat-libstdc++-33compat-libcap1\elfutils-libelfelfutils-libelf-develglibcglibc-develglibc-common\libaiolibaio-devellibgcclibstdc++libstdc++-develsysstatexpat\kshunixODBCunixODBC-devel--配置系统#grepMemTotal/proc/meminfoMemTotal:4946772kB#grepSwapTotal/proc/meminfoSwapTotal:12289716kB#df-hFilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon/dev/sda217G2.8G14G18%//dev/sda11012M40M921M5%/bootnone891M0891M0%/dev/shm/dev/hdc192M192M0100%/media/cdrom**************************************************************2.参数修改**************************************************************1.设置需要的IP2、修改host文件在/etc/hosts文件中添加一个全限定域名，如：vi/etc/hosts192.168.50.180vp01vp01.vpay.com192.168.50.190vp02vp02.vpay.com3.查看修改结果hostnamecat/etc/hosts|grep`evalhostname`4、设置核心参数　1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行：#vi/etc/sysctl.conffs.suid_dumpable=1fs.aio-max-nr=1048576fs.file-max=6815744kernel.shmmni=4096#semaphores:semmsl,semmns,semopm,semmnikernel.sem=25032000100128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500net.core.rmem_default=4194304net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586　5、运行下列命令改变核心参数：#/sbin/sysctl-p　6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行：#vi/etc/security/limits.conforaclesoftnproc2047oraclehardnproc16384oraclesoftnofile1024oraclehardnofile65536oraclehardstack102407、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行：#vi+13/etc/pam.d/loginsessionrequiredpam_limits.so**************************************************************3.创建下列组和用户**************************************************************groupaddoinstallgroupadddbagroupaddoperuseradd-goinstall-Gdba,oper-d/home/oracle-moraclepasswdoracle123**************************************************************4.设置oracle用户的环境变量**************************************************************用oracle登录在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名：#vi/home/oracle/.bash_profile也可以#su-oracle#vi.bash_profile增加下列内容：#OracleSettingsTMP=/tmp;exportTMPTMPDIR=$TMP;exportTMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;exportORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;exportORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=jinri;exportORACLE_SIDORACLE_TERM=xterm;exportORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;exportPATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;exportPATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;exportLD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;exportCLASSPATH#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1;exportLD_ASSUME_KERNEL#setlanguageNLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIEDCHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8exportNLS_LANGEDITOR=viexportEDITORif[$USER="oracle"];thenif[$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];thenulimit-p16384ulimit-n65536elseulimit-u16384-n65536fifialiasoratrace="cat$ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_jinri.log"aliasoradata="cd$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID"aliasoranetwork="cd$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin"aliastopc='ps-e-opcpu,pid,user,tty,args|sort-n-k1-r|head'aliastopm='ps-e-opmem,pid,user,tty,args|sort-n-k1-r|head'----新建必要的数据目录#mkdir/u01/backup/&&chown-Roracle.oinstall/u01/backup/#mkdir/data/ctl#chown-Roracle.oinstall/data/ctl/**************************************************************5.副本克隆安装数据库**************************************************************--1.vp01正常关闭数据库[oracle@vp0120760982]$sqlplus/assysdbaSQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.4.0Productionon星期一9月2818:27:132015Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.连接到:OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.4.0-64bitProductionWiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptionsSQL>shutdownimmediate数据库已经关闭。已经卸载数据库。ORACLE例程已经关闭。SQL>exit[oracle@vp0120760982]$lsnrctlstopLSNRCTLforLinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Productionon28-9月-201518:27:39Copyright(c)1991,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.正在连接到(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))命令执行成功---2.vp01打包$cd/u01/$tarczvforacle.tar.gz/u01/---3.vp01将oracle安装副本压缩包传递到vp02scp-r-p-P16335/u01/oracle.tar.gzoracle@10.174.157.163:/u01/backup/---4.vp02解压修改权限#chown-Roracle.oinstall/u01/backup/oracle.tar.gz#cd/u01/backup/#tarzxvforacle.tar.gz-C/u01/--移动目录到上一层#cd/u01/u01/&&mvapp/../&&ls/u01/u01/&&ls/u01/app/#rm-rf/u01/u01---控制文件有个副本在不同目录#cp/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jinri/control01.ctl/data/ctl/control03.ctl#chown-Roracle.oinstall/u01/app/#chown-Roracle.oinstall/data/ctl/--relink$cd$relinkallwritingrelinklogto:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log----5.修改监听解析文件$cat/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora#listener.oraNetworkConfigurationFile:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora#GeneratedbyOracleconfigurationtools.SID_LIST_LISTENER=(SID_LIST=(SID_DESC=(GLOBAL_DBNAME=jinri)(SID_NAME=jinri)))LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION_LIST=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.174.157.163)(PORT=1521))))ADR_BASE_LISTENER=/u01/app/oracle[oracle@vp02~]$#将vp01修改为vp02对应IP$cat/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora#tnsnames.oraNetworkConfigurationFile:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora#GeneratedbyOracleconfigurationtools.JINRI=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=jinri)))-----6.附加oracle主目录cd$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin$$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller–silent-attachHome-invPrtLoc/u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc\ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1"\ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"StartingOracleUniversalInstaller...Checkingswapspace:mustbegreaterthan500MB.Actual4999MBPassedTheinventorypointerislocatedat/etc/oraInst.locTheinventoryislocatedat/u01/app/oraInventoryPleaseexecutethe'/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh'scriptattheendofthesession.'AttachHome'wassuccessful.#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh--注册前$cat/u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"standalone="yes"?><INVENTORY><VERSION_INFO><SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH><MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER></VERSION_INFO><HOME_LIST></HOME_LIST><COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></INVENTORY>--注册前$cat/u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"standalone="yes"?><INVENTORY><VERSION_INFO><SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH><MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER></VERSION_INFO><HOME_LIST><HOMENAME="OraDb11g_home1"LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"TYPE="O"IDX="1"/></HOME_LIST><COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></INVENTORY>$cat/etc/oraInst.locinventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventoryinst_group=oinstall----7.分离oracle主目录(需要的时候)$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller–silent-detachHome-invPrtLoc/u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc\ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1"\ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"----8.启动监听文件$lsnrctlstartLSNRCTLforLinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Productionon28-9月-201519:30:48Copyright(c)1991,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.启动/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr:请稍候...TNSLSNRforLinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Production系统参数文件为/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora写入/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml的日志信息监听:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))监听:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))正在连接到(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))LISTENER的STATUS------------------------别名LISTENER版本TNSLSNRforLinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Production启动日期28-9月-201519:30:48正常运行时间0天0小时0分2秒跟踪级别off安全性ON:LocalOSAuthenticationSNMPOFF监听程序参数文件/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora监听程序日志文件/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml监听端点概要...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))监听程序不支持服务命令执行成功$tnspingjinriTNSPingUtilityforLinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Productionon28-9月-201519:31:11Copyright(c)1997,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.已使用的参数文件:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora已使用TNSNAMES适配器来解析别名尝试连接(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=jinri)))OK(0毫秒)$sqlplus/assysdbaSQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.4.0Productionon星期一9月2820:17:452015Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.已连接到空闲例程。SQL>startupORACLE例程已经启动。TotalSystemGlobalArea3925032960bytesFixedSize2259240bytesVariableSize822085336bytesDatabaseBuffers3087007744bytesRedoBuffers13680640bytes数据库装载完毕。数据库已经打开。SQL>selectopen_modefromv$database;OPEN_MODE--------------------READWRITE