Oracle RAC+DG环境搭建（CentOS 7+Oracle 12C）( 十） 部署 DataGuard
1. 设置主机名
hostnamectlset-hostnameDG 2. 配置网络
vim/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
重启网卡
systemctlrestartnetwork
测试：
nslookupwww.yunxiaochong.com
重启生效
（1）执行env.sh. 配置环境，脚本如下：
参考：http://blog.itpub.net/69915315/viewspace-2643785/
（2）执行rpm.sh . 安装依赖包，脚本如下：
参考：http://blog.itpub.net/69915315/viewspace-2643785/
二、配置共享存储参考：http://blog.itpub.net/69915315/viewspace-2643790
单节点执行即可，对应主库共享磁盘组: DATA, GRIDG. 这里只是为了一致，没有强制要求一样。
三、配置远程桌面参考 ：http://blog.itpub.net/69915315/viewspace-2643299/
分配配置 oracle grid 两个用户的远程桌面。
四、安装grid
（1）解压安装包：
unziplinuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zipunziplinuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip
(2) 将解压后的安装包拷贝到 /home/grid 目录下
mvgrid/home/grid/
(3) 进入grid的远程桌面，进入安装....
(4） 相关问题
swap size 问题：
注释： 上面少写了一个0，空间还是不够，后面有加了一个。
修改/etc/fstab文件，在文件最后添加：
/opt/image/swapswapswapdefaults00
安装遗漏包
yuminstalllibaio-devel*
忽略pdksh
图形界面执行脚本报错，通过命令执行，依然报错后，再直接提示的命令。
五、安装数据库软件（1）解压安装包：unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
(2) 将解压后的安装包拷贝到 /home/oralce 目录下mvdatabase/home/oracle/(3) 进入oracle 的远程桌面，进入安装....
六、配置共享磁盘组
七、配置静态监听和TNS1、从库上配置静态监听此处是grid_home下的监听，注意将文件内容中的grid_home 修改成 oracle_home路径
LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION_LIST=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.56.150)(PORT=1521))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))))SID_LIST_LISTENER=(SID_LIST=(SID_DESC=(GLOBAL_DBNAME=yun)#CDB#(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2/grid)(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1)(SID_NAME=YUNDG))(SID_DESC=(GLOBAL_DBNAME=xiaochong)#PDB#(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2/grid)(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1)(SID_NAME=YUNDG)))
分别在主库的rac四个节点和从库的一个节点上对tnsnames.ora进行配置
文件路径：
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
##主库YUN=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=www.yunxiaochong.com)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=yun)))##从库YUNDG=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.56.8)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=yun)
在rac中一个节点创建密码文件：
orapwdpassword='Oracle'file=orapwyun1entries=20;
然后，将其拷贝到其它三个节点和dg节点，将名称改成orapw+各节点的实例名。 如orapwyun2 orapwYUNDG
scporapwyun1oracle@rac02:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbs/
注意：不要分别在不同节点上创建密码文件，不然会报 密码文件不一致问题。
（1）查看主库的数据文件，日志文件，控制文件路径
（2）从库，用grid用户，进入asmcmd，建立相关目录
控制文件目录：
同样，建立 +GRIDDG/YUM/CONTROLFILE 目录。
建立日志文件目录：
+DATA/YUN/ONLINELOG
+GRIDDG/YUN/ONLINELOG
建立数据文件目录：
+DATA/YUN/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/FD9AC20F64D244D7E043B6A9E80A2F2F/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/88E906E617243D8FE0536E38A8C04CBC/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/88E906E617243D8FE0536E38A8C04CBC/TEMPFILE
从主库中创建pfile （create pfile from spfile）,修改后，拷贝到从库
路径：/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbs/initYUNDG.ora
内容如下：
*.audit_sys_operations=FALSE*.audit_trail='NONE'*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradate/controlfile/control01.ctl'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'*.db_name='yun'*.db_unique_name='yundg'#*.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA/'#*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5535m*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=yunXDB)'*.enable_pluggable_database=true*.fal_client='YUNDG'*.fal_server='YUN'*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(YUNDG,YUN)'*.log_archive_dest_1='location=+DATA/YUN/ARCHIVELOGvalid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)db_unique_name=yundg'*.log_archive_dest_2='service=YUNLGWRASYNCvalid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=yun'*.open_cursors=1000*.pga_aggregate_target=681m*.processes=300*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'*.sga_target=2043m*.standby_file_management='AUTO'##下面两个参数注释掉，因为我们在从库配置了跟主库一样的目录结构。#*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/YUN/onlinelog','+DATA/YUN/onlinelog'#*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/YUN/datafile','+DATA/YUN/datafile'
这里主要是修改参数：
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_2='service=YUNDGLGWRASYNCvalid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=yundg'scope=bothsid='*';altersystemsetlog_archive_config='dg_config=(YUN,YUNDG)'scope=bothsid='*';altersystemsetstandby_file_management=autoscope=bothsid='*';altersystemsetfal_client=YUNscope=bothsid='*';altersystemsetfal_server=YUNDGscope=bothsid='*';
设置force logging
ALTERDATABASEFORCELOGGING;
rman target sys/Oracle01@YUN auxiliary sys/Oracle01@YUNDG
duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover;
错误记录1：
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=60 instance=yun1 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 05/28/2019 13:47:31
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 05/28/2019 13:47:29
ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server
ORA-17627: ORA-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable
ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server
_______________________________________________________________________________________
主要是主库不能通过tnsname,ora连接到从库，确保 sqlplus sys/Oracle01@YUNDG as sysdba 能够连接
错误记录2：
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service YUN
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 05/28/2019 14:04:07
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
ORA-19845: error in backupDatafile while communicating with remote database server
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19602 returned by remote Oracle server
ORA-19602: cannot backup or copy active file in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ORA-19660: some files in the backup set could not be verified
ORA-19661: datafile 1 could not be verified
ORA-19845: error in backupDatafile while communicating with remote database server
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19602 returned by remote Oracle server
ORA-19602: cannot backup or copy active file in NOARCHIVELOG mode
_______________________________________________________________________________________
主要是主库没有归档，开启归档即可
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 26
Current log sequence 27
在从库上创建standby log
alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfilethread1group9size50m,group10size50m,group11size50m;alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfilethread2group12size50m,group13size50m,group14size50m;alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfilethread3group15size50m,group16size50m,group17size50m;alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfilethread4group18size50m,group19size50m,group20size50m;
如果是要主从切换，在主库上也要建立standby red log。
alter database open;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
创建用户，创建表，插入数据，从库同步能查询到数据。
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