MySQL5.6--------基于CentOS6二进制包安装

2025-04-03 技术教程

1. 背景

*MySQL是一个关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB 公司开发，目前属于 Oracle 旗下产品。MySQL 是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统之一，在 WEB 应用方面，MySQL是最好的 RDBMS (Relational Database Management System，关系数据库管理系统) 应用软件。

*MySQL是一种关系数据库管理系统，关系数据库将数据保存在不同的表中，而不是将所有数据放在一个大仓库内，这样就增加了速度并提高了灵活性。

*MySQL所使用的 SQL 语言是用于访问数据库的最常用标准化语言。MySQL 软件采用了双授权政策，分为社区版和商业版，由于其体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低，尤其是开放源码这一特点，一般中小型网站的开发都选择 MySQL 作为网站数据库。

2. 选择的理由

*支持多种平台[AIX、FreeBSD、HP-UX、Linux、Mac OS、OpenBSD、Solaris、Windows......]

*支持并提供多语言API

*开源，采用了 GPL协议，可以修改源码来开发自己的 MySQL 系统

*支持标准SQL语句

*支持多种存储引擎

* 使用广泛 [ 全球top20网站除微软的Live和Bing之外全部应用MySQL ]

3. MySQL安装方式

* 二制包安装

* 源码编译安装

* 平台安装包，如rpm包[centos,redhat]或deb[debian,ubuntu]包

4. 环境 [关闭selinux]

[root@MySQL~]#cat/etc/redhat-releaseCentOSrelease6.9(Final)[root@MySQL~]#uname-r2.6.32-642.3.1.el6.x86_64[root@MySQL~]#getenforceDisabled

5. 安装

* 下载MySQL5.6二进制包 [ 推荐从MySQL官方下载]

[root@MySQL~]#wgethttps://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

* 解压MySQL二进制包

[root@MySQL~]#tarzxvfmysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

* 移动MySQL二进制包

[root@MySQL~]#mvmysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/usr/local/

* 创建软链接

[root@MySQL~]#ln-s/usr/local/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/usr/local/mysql

* 创建 mysql 用户

[root@MySQL~]#useradd-r-s/sbin/nologinmysql

* 创建mysql数据库文件存放目录

[root@MySQL~]#mkdir-p/data/mysql_data

* 修改二进制包目录与数据目录所属用户与所属用户组

[root@MySQL~]#chownmysql.mysql-R/usr/local/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/data/mysql_data

*复制默认配置文件至/etc/my.cnf

[root@MySQL~]#cp/usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf/etc/my.cnf

* MySQL初始化 [ 创建数据库相关文件 ] 看到两个OK并没有ERROR错误信息表明初始化成功

[root@MySQL~]#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql--basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/data/mysql_dataWARNING:Thehost'MySQL'couldnotbelookedupwith/usr/local/mysql/bin/resolveip.Thisprobablymeansthatyourlibclibrariesarenot100%compatiblewiththisbinaryMySQLversion.TheMySQLdaemon,mysqld,shouldworknormallywiththeexceptionthathostnameresolvingwillnotwork.ThismeansthatyoushoulduseIPaddressesinsteadofhostnameswhenspecifyingMySQLprivileges!InstallingMySQLsystemtables...2017-06-2403:57:470[Warning]TIMESTAMPwithimplicitDEFAULTvalueisdeprecated.Pleaseuse--explicit_defaults_for_timestampserveroption(seedocumentationformoredetails).2017-06-2403:57:470[Note]Ignoring--secure-file-privvalueasserverisrunningwith--bootstrap.2017-06-2403:57:470[Note]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(mysqld5.6.36)startingasprocess20685...2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Usingatomicstorefcountbufferpoolpages2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:TheInnoDBmemoryheapisdisabled2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Mutexesandrw_locksuseGCCatomicbuiltins2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Memorybarrierisnotused2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Compressedtablesusezlib1.2.32017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:UsingLinuxnativeAIO2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:UsingCPUcrc32instructions2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Initializingbufferpool,size=128.0M2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Completedinitializationofbufferpool2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Thefirstspecifieddatafile./ibdata1didnotexist:anewdatabasetobecreated!2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Settingfile./ibdata1sizeto12MB2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Databasephysicallywritesthefilefull:wait...2017-06-2403:57:4720685[Note]InnoDB:Settinglogfile./ib_logfile101sizeto48MB2017-06-2403:57:4920685[Note]InnoDB:Settinglogfile./ib_logfile1sizeto48MB2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Renaminglogfile./ib_logfile101to./ib_logfile02017-06-2403:57:5120685[Warning]InnoDB:Newlogfilescreated,LSN=457812017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Doublewritebuffernotfound:creatingnew2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Doublewritebuffercreated2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:128rollbacksegment(s)areactive.2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Warning]InnoDB:Creatingforeignkeyconstraintsystemtables.2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Foreignkeyconstraintsystemtablescreated2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Creatingtablespaceanddatafilesystemtables.2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Tablespaceanddatafilesystemtablescreated.2017-06-2403:57:5120685[Note]InnoDB:Waitingforpurgetostart2017-06-2403:57:5220685[Note]InnoDB:5.6.36started;logsequencenumber02017-06-2403:57:5820685[Note]Binlogend2017-06-2403:57:5820685[Note]InnoDB:FTSoptimizethreadexiting.2017-06-2403:57:5820685[Note]InnoDB:Startingshutdown...2017-06-2403:58:0020685[Note]InnoDB:Shutdowncompleted;logsequencenumber1625977OKFillinghelptables...2017-06-2403:58:000[Warning]TIMESTAMPwithimplicitDEFAULTvalueisdeprecated.Pleaseuse--explicit_defaults_for_timestampserveroption(seedocumentationformoredetails).2017-06-2403:58:000[Note]Ignoring--secure-file-privvalueasserverisrunningwith--bootstrap.2017-06-2403:58:000[Note]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(mysqld5.6.36)startingasprocess20731...2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Usingatomicstorefcountbufferpoolpages2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:TheInnoDBmemoryheapisdisabled2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Mutexesandrw_locksuseGCCatomicbuiltins2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Memorybarrierisnotused2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Compressedtablesusezlib1.2.32017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:UsingLinuxnativeAIO2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:UsingCPUcrc32instructions2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Initializingbufferpool,size=128.0M2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Completedinitializationofbufferpool2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:HighestsupportedfileformatisBarracuda.2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:128rollbacksegment(s)areactive.2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Waitingforpurgetostart2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:5.6.36started;logsequencenumber16259772017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]Binlogend2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:FTSoptimizethreadexiting.2017-06-2403:58:0020731[Note]InnoDB:Startingshutdown...2017-06-2403:58:0220731[Note]InnoDB:Shutdowncompleted;logsequencenumber1625987OK

6. 创建启动脚本

* 复制启动脚本到service 服务管理目录下[ /etc/init.d ]

[root@MySQL~]#cp/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld

*修改mysql启动脚本 [ /et/init.d/mysqld ]

basedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysql_data

* 添加脚本执行权限

[root@MySQL~]#chmod+x/etc/init.d/mysqld

* 添加进service服务管理

[root@MySQL~]#chkconfig--addmysqld

7. 服务启动测试

* 启动 MySQL 服务

[root@MySQL~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstartStartingMySQL.Loggingto'/data/mysql_data/MySQL.err'.SUCCESS!

* 查看服务是否启动并监听端口 [默认3306]

[root@MySQL~]#netstat-lntp|grep3306tcp00:::3306:::*LISTEN21366/mysqld

8. 连接测试并修改密码

* 通过自带mysql客户端连接

[root@MySQL~]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlWelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.YourMySQLconnectionidis1Serverversion:5.6.36MySQLCommunityServer(GPL)Copyright(c)2000,2017,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/oritsaffiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.mysql>

* 修改密码

mysql>setpassword=password('123456');QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)

* 重新使用密码连接

mysql>quitBye[root@MySQL~]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlERROR1045(28000):Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)[root@MySQL~]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql-p123456Warning:Usingapasswordonthecommandlineinterfacecanbeinsecure.WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.YourMySQLconnectionidis3Serverversion:5.6.36MySQLCommunityServer(GPL)Copyright(c)2000,2017,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/oritsaffiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.mysql>

9. 总结

以需求驱动技术，技术本身没有优略之分，只有业务之分。

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