这篇文章主要介绍了如何升级Zabbix2.4.5到Zabbix3.0.2，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。

一 应用场景描述

Zabbix在2016年2月份发布了Zabbix 3.0.0,又是一个LTS长期支持版本。Zabbix官方在4月份发布了Zabbix 3.0.2.线上使用的Zabbix版本是2.4，看了Zabbix官方关于3.0版本的描述决定升级线上版本到3.0.2.Zabbix3.0在以下几个方面作了改进：

重新设计了Zabbix的前端展示页面

提供Zabbix server，proxy和agent之间的加密和认证功能，基于PSK加密算法。如果对安全性要求高的用户就不再需要第三方工具或者×××来实现加密了

增加趋势预估功能

可以在特定时间执行一些监控项目

可以定义报警类别之间的依赖关系

强制执行housekeeper

性能得到改进

减小了poller配置缓存，优化了history缓存和history同步

通过引入in-memory缓存机制明显改善了action处理过程的性能

使用哈希机制改善trigger处理性能

限制数据库请求来提供nodata()函数的计算过程

之前的版本中，zabbix proxy连接到server端时，proxy相关的信息是直接从数据库获取的，在3.0版本，proxy相关的信息从server端配置的缓存中获取。另一方面，proxy配置更改不会立即生效，它必须等到server端缓存同步到数据库。

Value缓存得到改善

二 升级步骤

Zabbix agent不强制升级到3.0.2，但是官方建议升级。Zabbix server和proxy必须升级到同一个版本。

为了在升级过程中尽量减少宕机时间和数据丢失，建议先停掉并升级Zabbix server，然后再一个接一个地停掉并升级proxy。当所有的proxy升级过后，再启动zabbix server。

Zabbix3.0以后需要PHP5.4以后，PHP5.7暂时不支持

其他相关的依赖软件查看官方文档

rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm

yum -y install php54w php54w-gdphp54w-bcmathphp54w-ctypephp54w-libxmlphp54w-mbstringphp54w-gettextphp54w-ldapphp54w-mysqli

PHP在配置的时候有几个参数需要改

post_max_size = 128M 最小值是16M

max_execution_time = 600 最小值是300秒

max_input_time = 600 最小值是300秒

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai 需要设置时区

数据库容量规划

Zabbix数据库大小主要取决于以下几个变量，这几个变量定义了存储的历史数据的总量

NVPS Number of processed values per second

这个值是每秒Zabbix server接收的新值的平均数。例如，如果每隔60秒有3000个监控项目需要监控，那么NVPS就是3000/60=50.意味着每秒有50个新值添加到zabbix数据库

Housekeeper settings for history

Zabbix会保留监控数据一段时间，通常是几周或者几个月。每个新的监控数据都需要一些磁盘空间来存储数据和索引。所以，如果我们保留30天的历史数据并且每秒中接收50个新值，监控数值总量就是

(30*24*3600)*50 = 129600000或者大约130M

依据使用的数据库引擎，接收值得类型(floats,integers,strings,log files等等)，单个值占用的磁盘空间可能是40字节到几百字节。通常一个字符类型监控项目大约是90字节。130M个监控值需要130M*90字节=10.9GB字节磁盘空间

text和log监控项目的值无法准确预测，可以假定为每个监控值大小为500字节

Housekeeper settings for trends

Zabbix在trends表中为每个监控项目保留一个小时的 max/min/avg/count监控值。这些数据用于趋势统计和长期的图表分析。一个小时的间隔时间没法自定义更改。

每个趋势数据大约为90字节。假设要保留5年的趋势数据，那么3000个监控项目每年需要24*365*3000*90=2.2GB，5年就是11GB。

Housekeeper settings for events

每个Zabbix event需要大约170字节磁盘空间。很难估计zabbix每天产生的events数量。最坏的情况下，假定zabbix每秒产生一个event

如果要保留3年的events，就需要3*365*24*3600*170=15GB

ParameterFormula for required disk space (in bytes)Zabbix configurationFixed size. Normally 10MB or less.Historydays*(items/refresh rate)*24*3600*bytes
items : number of items
days : number of days to keep history
refresh rate : average refresh rate of items
bytes : number of bytes required to keep single value, depends on database engine, normally ~90 bytes.Trendsdays*(items/3600)*24*3600*bytes
items : number of items
days : number of days to keep history
bytes : number of bytes required to keep single trend, depends on database engine, normally ~90 bytes.Eventsdays*events*24*3600*bytes
events : number of event per second. One (1) event per second in worst case scenario.
days : number of days to keep history
bytes : number of bytes required to keep single trend, depends on database engine, normally ~170 bytes.

总共的磁盘空间大小就是：

Configuration + History + Trends + Events

1.停掉Zabbix server

停掉zabbix server不让新的数据插入到数据库

service zabbix-server stop

2.备份zabbix数据库

mysqldump -uroot -p zabbix > zabbix_backup20160508.sql

3.备份配置文件，PHP文件和zabbix 二进制文件

4.安装新的zabbix server

5.检查zabbix server的配置文件

主要注意几个参数

CacheSize=200M 配置信息的缓存大小，用于存储host，item和trigger数据的共享内存大小。取值范围是128k~8G，默认是8M

CacheUpdateFrequency=60 zabbix执行配置缓存更新的时间间隔，默认是60秒

DebugLevel=3 指定日志级别，默认是3打印警告信息，4是调试信息，5是更加详细的调试信息

HistoryCacheSize=50M 用于存储历史数据的共享存储大小，默认是16M，可以取值范围是128K~2G

HistoryIndexCacheSize=8M 用于索引历史数据缓存中的历史数据的共享存储大小，缓存一个监控项目大约需要100字节。这个参数从3.0.0开始支持

HousekeepingFrequency=1 设置zabbix执行housekeeping的频率，默认是1小时。housekeeping操作时删除数据库中过期的数据。可以设置HousekeepingFrequency为0关闭自动housekeeping，然后手动执行housekeeper_execute来清理过期数据

MaxHousekeeperDelete=5000在一个housekeeping任务中删除的过期数据数量不超过这个值

TrendCacheSize=20M 存储trend数据的共享内存大小

ValueCacheSize=10M 缓存监控数据的历史数据的共享内存大小。

6.启动新的zabbix server并注意查看日志

zabbix server会自动升级数据库

23164:20160508:105436.724usingconfigurationfile:/opt/app/zabbix/conf/zabbix_server.conf23164:20160508:105436.734currentdatabaseversion(mandatory/optional):02040000/0204000023164:20160508:105436.734requiredmandatoryversion:0300000023164:20160508:105436.734startingautomaticdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105436.806completed0%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105436.910completed1%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105436.998completed2%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.022completed3%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.052completed4%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.072completed5%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.194completed6%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.273completed7%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.329completed8%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.372completed9%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105437.931completed10%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.032completed11%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.050completed12%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.052completed13%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.053completed14%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.097completed15%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.123completed16%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.158completed17%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.182completed18%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.212completed19%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.221completed20%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.237completed21%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.252completed22%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.269completed23%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.287completed24%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.296completed25%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.311completed26%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.325completed27%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.359completed28%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.367completed29%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.382completed30%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.396completed31%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.412completed32%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.430completed33%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.580completed34%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.608completed35%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.647completed36%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.670completed37%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.672completed38%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.677completed39%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.681completed40%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.686completed41%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.690completed42%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.695completed43%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.699completed44%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.725completed45%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.800completed46%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.891completed47%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105438.977completed48%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.042completed49%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.109completed50%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.178completed51%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.206completed52%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.224completed53%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.230completed54%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.254completed55%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.261completed56%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.262completed57%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.302completed58%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.304completed59%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.342completed60%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.366completed61%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.413completed62%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.423completed63%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.457completed64%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.475completed65%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.483completed66%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.497completed67%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.513completed68%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.530completed69%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.544completed70%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.556completed71%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.558completed72%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.606completed73%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.636completed74%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.672completed75%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.680completed76%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.695completed77%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.711completed78%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.731completed79%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.740completed80%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.756completed81%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.792completed82%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.797completed83%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.799completed84%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.839completed85%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.841completed86%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.878completed87%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.900completed88%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.933completed89%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.941completed90%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.969completed91%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.985completed92%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105439.995completed93%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.010completed94%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.026completed95%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.044completed96%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.045completed97%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.050completed98%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.051completed99%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.052completed100%ofdatabaseupgrade23164:20160508:105440.052databaseupgradefullycompleted

启动成功后就可以关闭zabbix server了等所有的proxy更新完成再启动，尽量减少数据丢失

7.安装zabbix web

8.停掉proxy

service zabbix-proxy stop

9.备份proxy的配置文件和zabbix proxy二进制文件

10.安装新版本proxy

所有的proxy升级完成以后就可以启动zabbix server了，升级过程中注意查看日志。

zabbix agent不必强制升级，推荐升级到新版本。

三 安装Graphtree插件

Graphtree是由OneOaas开源的zabbix插件，可以根据zabbix分组分主机分应用显示。这点比zatree做得好，同时Grahtree在性能方面比zatree有很大的提升，查看图表快很多，果断抛弃zatree使用Graphtree插件。Zatree在界面显示上很鸡肋，与本身的Zabbix界面没法结合，Graphtree在界面方面就做得很好，和Zabbix自身的界面结合得好。cd zabbix-3.0.2/frontends/php

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OneOaaS/graphtrees/master/graphtree3-0-1.patch

patch -Np0 < graphtree3-0-1.patch

rsync -avz * /opt/webapps/zabbix/

rsync -avz zabbix.conf.php /opt/webapps/zabbix/conf/

然后重新加载下Nginx或者Apache，登录页面看看。

感谢你能够认真阅读完这篇文章，希望小编分享的“如何升级Zabbix2.4.5到Zabbix3.0.2”这篇文章对大家有帮助，同时也希望大家多多支持亿速云，关注亿速云行业资讯频道，更多相关知识等着你来学习!