rman怎么恢复数据文件，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。

恢复可以在数据库处于 open 或 mount 状态下进行，只需4个步骤

1. 将该数据文件置于 offline 状

2. 还原数据文件（指定数据文件编号）

3. 恢复数据文件

4. 将数据文件 online

-----查看数据文件的状态

SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_

---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbfONLINE

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbfSYSTEM

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf ONLINE

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE

7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE

-----模拟破坏数据文件5号

[oracle@ogg-80 ogg]$ mv example01.dbf example01.dbf.bak

1离线数据文件

RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5offline';

------查看离线后的状态，这里状态变成了recover

SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_

---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbfONLINE

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbf SYSTEM

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf RECOVER

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE

7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE

2.还原数据文件
RMAN> restore datafile 5;

3.恢复数据文件

RMAN> recover datafile 5; ----这里是应用日志

-----恢复完成在查看状态，这里的状态变成了offline

SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAME ONLINE_

---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbf ONLINE

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbfONLINE

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbfSYSTEM

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbf OFFLINE

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbf ONLINE

7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE

4.将数据文件online

RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 online';

-----online之后再次查看状态
SYS@ogg> select file_id,file_name,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_ID FILE_NAMEONLINE_

---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/users01.dbfONLINE

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/undotbs01.dbfONLINE

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/sysaux01.dbfONLINE

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/system01.dbfSYSTEM

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/example01.dbfONLINE

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/ogg_01.dbfONLINE

7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ogg/receiver_01.dbf ONLINE

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