怎么搭建LVS+Keepalived+MySQL

2025-03-08 技术教程

本篇内容主要讲解“怎么搭建LVS+Keepalived+MySQL”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“怎么搭建LVS+Keepalived+MySQL”吧!

LVS负责负载均衡转发请求，keepalived负责检查LVS的realserver状态，及时remove失效节点、add复活节点。
本实验主要功能测试，所以只准备了两台MySQL服务器，仅为简单说明问题。
vm1 10.0.0.11 master server_id 11
vm2 10.0.0.12 slave server_id 12

Director:
vm310.0.0.14

VIP: 10.0.0.20

1 在Directory server vm3 上安装ipvsadm和keepalived
yum install ipvsadm
安装keepalived
yum install libnfnetlink*
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
mkdir /etc/keepalived

2 vm1 vm2上，执行以下操作.
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

ifconfig lo:0 10.0.0.20 netmask 255.255.255.255

3 在Directory server vm3上编辑/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件，内容如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

global_defs {

router_id HaMySQL_1

}

vrrp_sync_group VGM {

group {

VI_MYSQL

}

vrrp_instance VI_MYSQL {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 100

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.0.0.20

}

virtual_server 10.0.0.20 3306 {

delay_loop 6

lb_algo rr

lb_kind DR

protocol TCP

nat_mask 255.255.255.0

persistence_timeout 10

real_server 10.0.0.11 3306 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

real_server 10.0.0.12 3306 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

4 启动MySQL和keepalived。
vm1:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf &

vm2:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf

vm3:
/etc/init.d/keepalived start

5 验证
vm3:
[root@vm3 keepalived]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP10.0.0.20:3306 rr persistent 2
-> 10.0.0.11:3306 Route 3 1 0
-> 10.0.0.12:3306 Route 3 1 0

可以看到负载均衡已启动，vm2 vm3都已加进来了。
从客户端连接VIP 10.0.0.20:3306
C:\mysql-5.7.11-winx64\mysql-5.7.11-winx64\bin>mysql.exe -uroot -pmysql -h20.0.0.20 -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 90
Server version: 5.6.27-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select @@server_id;exit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 11 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

从server_id可以看出客户端连接的是vm1。

关掉vm1上的MySQL服务。
[root@vm3 keepalived]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP10.0.0.20:3306 rr persistent 2
-> 10.0.0.12:3306 Route 3 1 0

LVS规则已经更新，remove了vm1，再次从客户端连接。
C:\mysql-5.7.11-winx64\mysql-5.7.11-winx64\bin>mysql.exe -uroot -pmysql -h20.0.0.20 -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 61
Server version: 5.6.27-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select @@server_id;exit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 12 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

重新启动vm1上的MySQL服务。
[root@vm3 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP10.0.0.20:3306 rr persistent 2
-> 10.0.0.11:3306 Route 3 1 0
-> 10.0.0.12:3306 Route 3 1 1

LVS规则已自动刷新，vm1重新被加入。