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1. 安装

sudoapt-getupdatesudoapt-getinstall2. 数据库初始化

sudo交互如下：

SecuringtheMySQLserverdeployment.ConnectingtoMySQLusingablankpassword.VALIDATEPASSWORDPLUGINcanbeusedtotestpasswordsandimprovesecurity.Itchecksthestrengthofpasswordandallowstheuserstosetonlythosepasswordswhicharesecureenough.WouldyouliketosetupVALIDATEPASSWORDplugin?Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo:yTherearethreelevelsofpasswordvalidationpolicy:LOWLength>=8MEDIUMLength>=8,numeric,mixedcase,andspecialcharactersSTRONGLength>=8,numeric,mixedcase,specialcharactersanddictionaryfilePleaseenter0=LOW,1=MEDIUMand2=STRONG:2<=====注意这里一定要选2，STRONGPleasesetthepasswordforroothere.Newpassword:Re-enternewpassword:Estimatedstrengthofthepassword:100Doyouwishtocontinuewiththepasswordprovided?(Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo):yBydefault,aMySQLinstallationhasananonymoususer,allowinganyonetologintoMySQLwithouthavingtohaveauseraccountcreatedforthem.Thisisintendedonlyfortesting,andtomaketheinstallationgoabitsmoother.Youshouldremovethembeforemovingintoaproductionenvironment.Removeanonymoususers?(Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo):ySuccess.Normally,rootshouldonlybeallowedtoconnectfrom'localhost'.Thisensuresthatsomeonecannotguessattherootpasswordfromthenetwork.Disallowrootloginremotely?(Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo):ySuccess.Bydefault,MySQLcomeswithadatabasenamed'test'thatanyonecanaccess.Thisisalsointendedonlyfortesting,andshouldberemovedbeforemovingintoaproductionenvironment.Removetestdatabaseandaccesstoit?(Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo):y-Droppingtestdatabase...Success.-Removingprivilegesontestdatabase...Success.Reloadingtheprivilegetableswillensurethatallchangesmadesofarwilltakeeffectimmediately.Reloadprivilegetablesnow?(Pressy|YforYes,anyotherkeyforNo):ySuccess.Alldone!3. 不使用sudo访问MySQL（$ mysql -uroot -p）要求对MySQL设置最高密码强度

Pleaseenter0=LOW,1=MEDIUMand2=4. 启动MySQL

sudosystemctlstartmysql.servicesudosystemctlenablemysql.servicesudo5. 权限设定（可选）

mysql>usemysql;mysql>selectUser,Host,pluginfromuser;+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+|User|Host|plugin|+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+|root|localhost|auth_socket<--这里||mysql.session|localhost|mysql_native_password||mysql.sys|localhost|mysql_native_password||debian-sys-maint|localhost|mysql_native_password|+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+mysql>updateusersetplugin='mysql_native_password'whereUser='root'andHost='localhost';mysql>GRANTALLPRIVILEGESON*.*TO'root'@'localhost';mysql>flushprivileges;6. 修改字符集为UTF-8

mysql>showvariableslike'char%';mysql>showvariableslike'collation%';sudovim/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf[mysql]default-character-set=utf8sudovim/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf[mysqld]collation-server=utf8_general_cicharacter-set-server=utf8sudo7. 查看运行状态

sudosystemctlstatusmysql.servicesudolsof-i:3306netstat-ntpl|grep

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