TestNG是诞生于JUnit3和JUnit4之间的一个测试框架，虽然在JUnit4之前诞生，但被认为更先进，NG是Next Generation的意思。TestNG拥有诸多新特性，以及消除了JUnit中的许多限制，更适合于大型项目的测试。


常用注解：

@BeforeSuiteThe annotated method will be run before all tests in this suite have run.@AfterSuiteThe annotated method will be run after all tests in this suite have run.@BeforeClassThe annotated method will be run before the first test method in the current class is invoked.@AfterClassThe annotated method will be run after all the test methods in the current class have been run.@BeforeTestThe annotated method will be run before any test method belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag is run.@AfterTestThe annotated method will be run after all the test methods belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag have run.@BeforeMethodThe annotated method will be run before each test method.@AfterMethodThe annotated method will be run after each test method.@BeforeGroupsThe list of groups that this configuration method will run before. This method is guaranteed to run shortly before the first test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.@AfterGroupsThe list of groups that this configuration method will run after. This method is guaranteed to run shortly after the last test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.@TestA Test Case


注解使用示例：

publicclassOrderTest{@BeforeSuitepublicvoidtestBeforeSuite(){System.out.println("BeforeSuite");}@AfterSuitepublicvoidtestAfterSuite(){System.out.println("AfterSuite");}@BeforeTestpublicvoidtestBeforeTest(){System.out.println("BeforeTest");}@AfterTestpublicvoidtestAfterTest(){System.out.println("AfterTest");}@BeforeClasspublicvoidtestBeforeClass(){System.out.println("BeforeClass");}@AfterClasspublicvoidtestAfterClass(){System.out.println("AfterClass");}@BeforeGroups(groups="data")publicvoidtestBeforeGroups(){System.out.println("BeforeGroups");}@AfterGroups(groups="data")publicvoidtestAfterGroups(){System.out.println("AfterGroups");}@BeforeMethodpublicvoidtestBeforeMethod(){System.out.println("BeforeMethod");}@AfterMethodpublicvoidtestAfterMethod(){System.out.println("AfterMethod");}@Test(groups="data")publicvoidtestGroup1(){System.out.println("1、Belongtogroupdata");}@Test(groups="data")publicvoidtestGroup2(){System.out.println("2、Belongtogroupdata");}}执行顺序：BeforeSuiteBeforeTestBeforeClassBeforeGroupsBeforeMethod1、BelongtogroupdataAfterMethodBeforeMethod2、BelongtogroupdataAfterMethodAfterGroupsAfterClassAfterTestAfterSuite备注：其中BeforeGroups和AfterGroups会在指定组的所有方法执行之前和之后执行。


超时测试：

@Test(timeOut = 1000)


忽略测试：

@Test(enabled = false)


异常测试：

@Test(expectedExceptions = ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class)


用例分组：

@Test(groups = {"group_one", "group_two"})


依赖测试：

@Test

public void testOne(){}

@Test(dependsOnMethods = "testOne")

public void testTwo(){}


多次执行以及使用线程池：

@Test(invocationCount = 5, threadPoolSize = 5)

用例执行5次，使用5个线程并行执行


套件测试

需要借助XML文件，运行时需要指定XML才能正确执行

//测试整个NewTest以及OldTest中的testThird方法<suitename="MethodSuit"verbose="1"><testname="includedGroupsInAPackage"><classes><classname="com.me.hello.NewTest"/><classname="com.me.hello.OldTest"><methods><includename="testThird"/></methods></class></classes></test></suite>//测试指定两个package里的所有测试类<testname="tttt"><packages><packagename="com.me.hello"/><packagename="com.me.chat"/></packages></test>//指定package中的分组测试，以及指定class测试。<suitename="GroupSuit"verbose="10"><testname="tttt"><groups><run><includename="slow"/>//分组测试<includename="fast"/></run></groups><packages><!--<packagename="com.me.good"/>--><!--<packagename="com.me.hello"/>--><packagename="com.me.*"/></packages></test><testname="nexttest"><classes><classname="com.me.hello.NewTest"/>//指定类</classes></test></suite>备注：IDEA的套件测试需要在Run-EditConfigurations中配置运行条件以及指定xml文件，或者直接命令行执行。


参数化测试：

1、通过xml文件（基本数据类型）

2、代码中使用@DataProvider（复杂数据类型）

@DataProvider(name="getData")publicObject[][]getDataFromFile(){returnnewObject[][]{{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}};}@Test(dataProvider="getData")publicvoidtestCalc(inta,inte){Assert.assertEquals(a+1,e);}1、声明一个方法给定名字，返回数组数据。2、Test方法根据DataProvider方法返回的数据，设定参数列表。3、按照参数列表顺序操作参数。


断言

TestNG的断言总体和JUnit相似，大体上区别只是把提示消息位置放在后面而已。


总结：

相比JUnit，TestNG的参数化测试，依赖测试，分组测试都更方便使用。另外套件测试使用XML和代码实现数据和测试逻辑的分离，并且方便定制分类逻辑更复杂的测试。