设置坐标：namedtuple

格式：

变量名 = namedtuple(任意名，list)

fromcollectionsimportnamedtuplePoint=namedtuple('point',['x','y','z'])p=Point(1,2,0)print(p.x)print(p.y,p.z)print(isinstance(p,tuple))

运行结果：

120True


双向队列：deque

https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/collections.html?highlight=deque#collections.deque

fromcollectionsimportdequeq=deque(['a','b','c'])q.append('x')#尾插q.appendleft('y')#头插print(q)

运行结果：

deque(['y','a','b','c','x'])


默认字典：defaultdict, 如果没有该key值，默认输出指定值。

fromcollectionsimportdefaultdictdd=defaultdict(lambda:'N/A')dd['key1']='abc'print(dd['key1'])#key1存在print(dd['key2'])

运行结果：

abcN/A


顺序排列dist: OrderedDict

fromcollectionsimportOrderedDictd=dict([('a',1),('b',2),('c',3)])n={'a':1,'b':2,'c':3}print(d)#dict的Key是无序的print(n)#dict的Key是无序的od=OrderedDict([('a',1),('b',2),('c',3)])print(od)#OrderedDict的Key是有序的

运行结果：

{'c':3,'b':2,'a':1}{'c':3,'b':2,'a':1}OrderedDict([('a',1),('b',2),('c',3)])


计算数目：Counter

fromcollectionsimportCounterc=Counter()forchin'programming':c[ch]=c[ch]+1print(c)print(c)

运行结果：

Counter({'p':1})Counter({'r':1,'p':1})Counter({'r':1,'o':1,'p':1})Counter({'r':1,'o':1,'p':1,'g':1})Counter({'r':2,'o':1,'p':1,'g':1})Counter({'r':2,'o':1,'p':1,'g':1,'a':1})Counter({'r':2,'o':1,'p':1,'g':1,'a':1,'m':1})Counter({'r':2,'m':2,'o':1,'p':1,'g':1,'a':1})Counter({'r':2,'m':2,'o':1,'i':1,'p':1,'g':1,'a':1})Counter({'r':2,'m':2,'o':1,'i':1,'n':1,'p':1,'g':1,'a':1})Counter({'r':2,'g':2,'m':2,'o':1,'i':1,'n':1,'p':1,'a':1})Counter({'r':2,'g':2,'m':2,'o':1,'i':1,'n':1,'p':1,'a':1})