383. Ransom Note

Given an arbitrary ransom note string and another string containing letters from all the magazines, write a function that will return true if the ransom note can be constructed from the magazines ; otherwise, it will return false.

Each letter in the magazine string can only be used once in your ransom note.

Note:
You may assume that both strings contain only lowercase letters.

canConstruct("a","b")->falsecanConstruct("aa","ab")->falsecanConstruct("aa","aab")->true

题目大意:

有一个随机串,有一个大串。判断随机串是否为大串的组成部分。

随机串某一字符的个数必须小于大串。随机串中出现的字符大串中必须都有。

思路:

用map/unordered_map来处理大串,将字符的个数以及种类记录在map/unordered_map中。然后进行判断。

代码如下:

classSolution{public:boolcanConstruct(stringransomNote,stringmagazine){if(ransomNote.size()==0)returntrue;unordered_map<char,int>m;for(inti=0;i<magazine.size();i++){m[magazine[i]]++;}for(inti=0;i<ransomNote.size();i++){if(m.find(ransomNote[i])==m.end()||m[ransomNote[i]]==0)returnfalse;m[ransomNote[i]]--;}returntrue;}};

经过测试126组数据,使用map耗时132ms,使用unordered_map耗时84ms。所以在不需要map有序的情况下,使用unordered_map是首选。