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什么是MySQL Connector/Python？

MySQL Connector/Python enables Python programs to access MySQL databases, using an API that is compliant with thePython Database API Specification v2.0 (PEP 249). It is written in pure Python and does not have any dependencies except for thePython Standard Library.

简单来说就是Python用来连接并访问MySQL的第三方库；

安装mysql-connector-python

sht-sgmhadoopcm-01.telenav.cn:mysqladmin:/usr/local/virtualenv/test1_env:>source test1_env/bin/activate

(test1_env) sht-sgmhadoopcm-01.telenav.cn:mysqladmin:/usr/local/virtualenv/test1_env:>pip install mysql-connector-python

(test1_env) [root@sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 software]# pip list|grep mysql

mysql-connector-python 8.0.15

检查安装是否成功

(test1_env) [root@sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 software]# ls -ltrh test1_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql_connector_python-8.0.15.dist-info/

total 124K

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root105 Feb 13 00:04 WHEEL

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5K Feb 13 00:04 METADATA

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root94K Feb 13 00:04 LICENSE.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root40 Feb 13 00:04 top_level.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root4 Feb 13 00:04 INSTALLER

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8.4K Feb 13 00:04 RECORD

>>> from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib

>>> print get_python_lib()

/opt/software/test1_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages

连接MySQL

方法1: connect()

importmysql.connectorcnx=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',password='agm43gadsg',host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',database='testdb')cnx.close()

方法2：MySQLConnection()

frommysql.connectorimport(connection)cnx=connection.MySQLConnection(user='root',password='agm43gadsg',host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',database='testdb')cnx.close()

方法3：配置文件

importmysql.connectorconfig={'user':'root','password':'agm43gadsg','host':'172.16.101.54','port':'3306','database':'testdb'}cnx=mysql.connector.connect(**config)cnx.close()

创建表

from__future__importprint_functionimportmysql.connectorfrommysql.connectorimporterrorcodeDB_NAME='testdb2'TABLES={}TABLES['employees']=("CREATETABLE`employees`(""`emp_no`int(11)NOTNULLAUTO_INCREMENT,""`birth_date`dateNOTNULL,""`first_name`varchar(14)NOTNULL,""`last_name`varchar(16)NOTNULL,""`gender`enum('M','F')NOTNULL,""`hire_date`dateNOTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`emp_no`)"")ENGINE=InnoDB")TABLES['departments']=("CREATETABLE`departments`(""`dept_no`char(4)NOTNULL,""`dept_name`varchar(40)NOTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`dept_no`),UNIQUEKEY`dept_name`(`dept_name`)"")ENGINE=InnoDB")TABLES['salaries']=("CREATETABLE`salaries`(""`emp_no`int(11)NOTNULL,""`salary`int(11)NOTNULL,""`from_date`dateNOTNULL,""`to_date`dateNOTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`emp_no`,`from_date`),KEY`emp_no`(`emp_no`),""CONSTRAINT`salaries_ibfk_1`FOREIGNKEY(`emp_no`)""REFERENCES`employees`(`emp_no`)ONDELETECASCADE"")ENGINE=InnoDB")TABLES['dept_emp']=("CREATETABLE`dept_emp`(""`emp_no`int(11)NOTNULL,""`dept_no`char(4)NOTNULL,""`from_date`dateNOTNULL,""`to_date`dateNOTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`emp_no`,`dept_no`),KEY`emp_no`(`emp_no`),""KEY`dept_no`(`dept_no`),""CONSTRAINT`dept_emp_ibfk_1`FOREIGNKEY(`emp_no`)""REFERENCES`employees`(`emp_no`)ONDELETECASCADE,""CONSTRAINT`dept_emp_ibfk_2`FOREIGNKEY(`dept_no`)""REFERENCES`departments`(`dept_no`)ONDELETECASCADE"")ENGINE=InnoDB")TABLES['dept_manager']=("CREATETABLE`dept_manager`(""`dept_no`char(4)NOTNULL,""`emp_no`int(11)NOTNULL,""`from_date`dateNOTNULL,""`to_date`dateNOTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`emp_no`,`dept_no`),""KEY`emp_no`(`emp_no`),""KEY`dept_no`(`dept_no`),""CONSTRAINT`dept_manager_ibfk_1`FOREIGNKEY(`emp_no`)""REFERENCES`employees`(`emp_no`)ONDELETECASCADE,""CONSTRAINT`dept_manager_ibfk_2`FOREIGNKEY(`dept_no`)""REFERENCES`departments`(`dept_no`)ONDELETECASCADE"")ENGINE=InnoDB")TABLES['titles']=("CREATETABLE`titles`(""`emp_no`int(11)NOTNULL,""`title`varchar(50)NOTNULL,""`from_date`dateNOTNULL,""`to_date`dateDEFAULTNULL,""PRIMARYKEY(`emp_no`,`title`,`from_date`),KEY`emp_no`(`emp_no`),""CONSTRAINT`titles_ibfk_1`FOREIGNKEY(`emp_no`)""REFERENCES`employees`(`emp_no`)ONDELETECASCADE"")ENGINE=InnoDB")cnx=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',password='agm43gadsg',host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',database='testdb')cursor=cnx.cursor()defcreate_database(cursor):try:cursor.execute("CREATEDATABASE{}DEFAULTCHARACTERSET'utf8'".format(DB_NAME))exceptmysql.connector.Erroraserr:print("Failedcreatingdatabase:{}".format(err))exit(1)try:cursor.execute("USE{}".format(DB_NAME))exceptmysql.connector.Erroraserr:print("Database{}doesnotexists.".format(DB_NAME))iferr.errno==errorcode.ER_BAD_DB_ERROR:create_database(cursor)print("Database{}createdsuccessfully.".format(DB_NAME))cnx.database=DB_NAMEelse:print(err)exit(1)fortable_nameinTABLES:table_description=TABLES[table_name]try:print("Creatingtable{}:".format(table_name),end='')cursor.execute(table_description)exceptmysql.connector.Erroraserr:iferr.errno==errorcode.ER_TABLE_EXISTS_ERROR:print("alreadyexists.")else:print(err.msg)else:print("OK")cursor.close()cnx.close()

插入数据

from__future__importprint_functionfromdatetimeimportdate,datetime,timedeltaimportmysql.connectorcnx=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',password='agm43gadsg',host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',database='testdb')cursor=cnx.cursor()tomorrow=datetime.now().date()+timedelta(days=1)#下面是两种格式的insert,第一种data_employee要写成tuple类型，第二种data_salary要写成字典类型add_employee=("INSERTINTOemployees""(first_name,last_name,hire_date,gender,birth_date)""VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)")add_salary=("INSERTINTOsalaries""(emp_no,salary,from_date,to_date)""VALUES(%(emp_no)s,%(salary)s,%(from_date)s,%(to_date)s)")data_employee=('Geert','Vanderkelen',tomorrow,'M',date(1977,6,14))cursor.execute(add_employee,data_employee)emp_no=cursor.lastrowid#打印最后一次插入emp_no列值，作为salaries表的emp_no列值,要求employees表的emp_no必须是自增主键才行，data_salary={'emp_no':emp_no,'salary':50000,'from_date':tomorrow,'to_date':date(9999,1,1),}cursor.execute(add_salary,data_salary)cnx.commit()cursor.close()cnx.close()

查询数据

importdatetimeimportmysql.connectorcnx=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',password='agm43gadsg',host='172.16.101.54',port='3306',database='testdb')cursor=cnx.cursor()query=("SELECTfirst_name,last_name,hire_dateFROMemployees""WHEREhire_dateBETWEEN%sAND%s")hire_start=datetime.date(1999,1,1)hire_end=datetime.date(1999,12,31)cursor.execute(query,(hire_start,hire_end))for(first_name,last_name,hire_date)incursor:print("{},{}washiredon{:%d%b%Y}".format(last_name,first_name,hire_date))cursor.close()cnx.close()

MySQL Connector/Python

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