本文主要介绍python中调用REST API的几种方式，下面是python中会用到的库。

- urllib2

- httplib2

- pycurl

- requests 


urllib2

- Sample1

12345678910import urllib2, urllibgithub_url = 'https://api.github.com/user/repos'password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()password_manager.add_password(None, github_url, 'user', '***')auth = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager) # create an authentication handleropener = urllib2.build_opener(auth) # create an opener with the authentication handlerurllib2.install_opener(opener) # install the opener... request = urllib2.Request(github_url, urllib.urlencode({'name':'Test repo', 'description': 'Some test repository'})) # Manual encoding requiredhandler = urllib2.urlopen(request)print handler.read()

  - Sample2

1234567891011import urllib2url = 'http://ems.vip.ebay.com/removeSIforcloud.cgi?ip=' + ipreq = urllib2.Request(url)req.add_header('IAF',abc.token_authiaas)try:    resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)except urllib2.HTTPError, error:    print "Cannot remove service instance!", error    sys.exit(1)response = resp.read()print response

  - Sample3

12345678910111213141516171819import urllib2, urllib, base64url = "https://reparo.stratus.ebay.com/reparo/bootstrap/registerasset/" + rackid + "/" + assetdata = urllib.urlencode({                'reservedResource':'RR-Hadoop',                'resourceCapability':'Production',                'movetoironic':'False',                'output':'json'        })print "Bootstrap Asset jobs starting .............." base64string = base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (user, passwd)).replace('\n', '')request = urllib2.Request(url, data, headers={"Authorization" : "Basic %s" % base64string})response = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()response_json = json.loads(response)response_status = response_json['status']status_code = response_status['statusCode']status = response_status['status']message = response_status['message']           print status_code , status, message


2. httplib2

1234567import urllib, httplib2github_url = 'h = httplib2.Http(".cache")h.add_credentials("user", "******", "data = urllib.urlencode({"name":"test"})resp, content = h.request(github_url, "POST", data)print content

3. pycurl

12345678910import pycurl, jsongithub_url = "user_pwd = "user:*****"data = json.dumps({"name": "test_repo", "description": "Some test repo"})c = pycurl.Curl()c.setopt(pycurl.URL, github_url)c.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD, user_pwd)c.setopt(pycurl.POST, 1)c.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDS, data)c.perform()

4. requests

12345import requests, jsongithub_url = "data = json.dumps({'name':'test', 'description':'some test repo'}) r = requests.post(github_url, data, auth=('user', '*****'))print r.json

以上几种方式都可以调用API来执行动作，但requests这种方式代码最简洁，最清晰，建议采用。


转自: https://blog.51cto.com/haohaozhang/1668761