不懂基于Nacos如何通过Spring Cloud Gateway实现动态路由？？其实想解决这个问题也不难，下面让小编带着大家一起学习怎么去解决，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大所收获。

简介

该文档主要介绍以Nacos为配置中心，实现Spring Cloud GateWay 实现动态路由的功能。Spring Cloud Gateway启动时候，就将路由配置和规则加载到内存里，无法做到不重启网关就可以动态的对应路由的配置和规则进行增加，修改和删除。通过nacos的配置下发的功能可以实现在不重启网关的情况下，实现动态路由。

集成

Spring Cloud GateWay集成

spring-cloud-starter-gateway:路由转发、请求过滤（权限校验、限流以及监控等）

spring-boot-starter-webflux:反应式Web框架

spring-boot-starter-actuator:监控系统健康

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency>

Nacos集成

nacos-client:nacos客户端，现在用比较新的版本0.9.0

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId><artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId><version>0.9.0</version></dependency>

动态路由

DynamicRouteServiceImpl:提供动态路由的基础方法，可通过获取bean操作该类的方法。该类提供新增路由、更新路由、删除路由，然后实现发布的功能。

@Servicepublic class DynamicRouteServiceImpl implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware { @Autowired private RouteDefinitionWriter routeDefinitionWriter; private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher; /** * 增加路由 * @param definition * @return */ public String add(RouteDefinition definition) { routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe(); this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this)); return "success"; } /** * 更新路由 * @param definition * @return */ public String update(RouteDefinition definition) { try { this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(definition.getId())); } catch (Exception e) { return "update fail,not find route routeId: "+definition.getId(); } try { routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe(); this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this)); return "success"; } catch (Exception e) { return "update route fail"; } } /** * 删除路由 * @param id * @return */ public String delete(String id) { try { this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(id)); return "delete success"; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "delete fail"; } } @Override public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) { this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher; }}

RouteDefinition： 提供路由实体类，主要有predicates匹配来自用户的请求，filters服务路由

@Validatedpublic class RouteDefinition {@NotEmptyprivate String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();@NotEmpty@Validprivate List<PredicateDefinition> predicates = new ArrayList<>();@Validprivate List<FilterDefinition> filters = new ArrayList<>();@NotNullprivate URI uri;private int order = 0;public RouteDefinition() {}public RouteDefinition(String text) {int eqIdx = text.indexOf("=");if (eqIdx <= 0) {throw new ValidationException("Unable to parse RouteDefinition text '" + text + "'" +", must be of the form name=value");}setId(text.substring(0, eqIdx));String[] args = tokenizeToStringArray(text.substring(eqIdx+1), ",");setUri(URI.create(args[0]));for (int i=1; i < args.length; i++) {this.predicates.add(new PredicateDefinition(args[i]));}}public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public List<PredicateDefinition> getPredicates() {return predicates;}public void setPredicates(List<PredicateDefinition> predicates) {this.predicates = predicates;}public List<FilterDefinition> getFilters() {return filters;}public void setFilters(List<FilterDefinition> filters) {this.filters = filters;}public URI getUri() {return uri;}public void setUri(URI uri) {this.uri = uri;}public int getOrder() {return order;}public void setOrder(int order) {this.order = order;}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object o) {if (this == o) return true;if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;RouteDefinition routeDefinition = (RouteDefinition) o;return Objects.equals(id, routeDefinition.id) &&Objects.equals(predicates, routeDefinition.predicates) &&Objects.equals(order, routeDefinition.order) &&Objects.equals(uri, routeDefinition.uri);}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return Objects.hash(id, predicates, uri);}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "RouteDefinition{" +"id='" + id + '\'' +", predicates=" + predicates +", filters=" + filters +", uri=" + uri +", order=" + order +'}';}}

NacosGatewayProperties:自定义属性绑定值，可通过配置文件配置属性。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="nacos", ignoreUnknownFields = true)@Configurationpublic class NacosGatewayProperties {private String address;private String dataId;private String groupId;private Long timeout;public String getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(String address) {this.address = address;}public String getDataId() {return dataId;}public void setDataId(String dataId) {this.dataId = dataId;}public String getGroupId() {return groupId;}public void setGroupId(String groupId) {this.groupId = groupId;}public Long getTimeout() {return timeout;}public void setTimeout(Long timeout) {this.timeout = timeout;}}

DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos： 实现runner，通过nacos下发动态路由配置

@Componentpublic class DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos implements CommandLineRunner{@Autowired private DynamicRouteServiceImpl dynamicRouteService;@Autowired private NacosGatewayProperties nacosGatewayProperties; /** * 监听Nacos Server下发的动态路由配置 * @param dataId * @param group */ public void dynamicRouteByNacosListener (){ try { ConfigService configService=NacosFactory.createConfigService(nacosGatewayProperties.getAddress()); String content = configService.getConfig(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getTimeout()); System.out.println(content); configService.addListener(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), new Listener() { @Override public void receiveConfigInfo(String configInfo) { List<RouteDefinition> list = JsonUtils.toList(configInfo, RouteDefinition.class); list.forEach(definition->{ dynamicRouteService.update(definition); }); } @Override public Executor getExecutor() { return null; } }); } catch (NacosException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception { dynamicRouteByNacosListener();} }

nacos配置下发

nacos配置

nacos: address: 127.0.0.1:8848 data-id: dhap-gateway # group-id: AAA timeout: 5000

nacos属性文件定义

新建dataID为
groupID为AAA

[{"filters": [],"id": "blog1","order": 0,"predicates": [{"args": {"pattern": "/z"},"name": "Path"}],"uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"}, {"filters": [],"id": "blog1","order": 0,"predicates": [{"args": {"pattern": "/c"},"name": "Path"}],"uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"}]

查看路由信息

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