rhel6上搭建lnmp架构以及遇到的一些错误并排除方法

2025-01-19 技术教程

先装好rhel6.5 配置好实验环境

关掉NetworkManager，并停止掉开机自启动

[root@duwensql~]#serviceNetworkManagerstop[root@duwensql~]#chkconfig--listNetworkManager[root@duwensql~]#chkconfigNetworkManageroff

关掉iptables

[root@duwensql~]#iptables-F[root@duwensql~]#serviceiptablessaveiptables￡o·àe1ò±￡′μ/etc/sysconfig/iptables￡o[è·¨][root@duwensql~]#chkconfigiptablesoff

关掉selinux

[root@duwensql~]#getenforceEnforcing[root@duwensql~]#setenforceusage:setenforce[Enforcing|Permissive|1|0][root@duwensql~]#setenforce0[root@duwensql~]#[root@duwensql~]#vim/etc/selinux/config

打开这个档案以后你可以看到如下的内容，把SELINUX的值改成disabled就好

#ThisfilecontrolsthestateofSELinuxonthesystem.#SELINUX=cantakeoneofthesethreevalues:#enforcing-SELinuxsecuritypolicyisenforced.#permissive-SELinuxprintswarningsinsteadofenforcing.#disabled-NoSELinuxpolicyisloaded.SELINUX=disabled#SELINUXTYPE=cantakeoneofthesetwovalues:#targeted-Targetedprocessesareprotected,#mls-MultiLevelSecurityprotection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted

修改主机名映射，可以不改，但是为了方便还是改下吧

[root@duwensql~]#cat/etc/hosts127.0.0.1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost4localhost4.localdomain4::1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost6localhost6.localdomain6[root@duwensql~]#echo"192.168.20.253duwensql.cnMySQL">>/etc/hosts[root@duwensql~]#cat/etc/hosts127.0.0.1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost4localhost4.localdomain4::1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost6localhost6.localdomain6192.168.20.253duwensql.cnMySQL[root@duwensql~]#

修改主机名，就是编辑下面的这个档案，这里只贴上修改后的内容

[root@duwensql~]#cat/etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=duwensql.cnGATEWAY=192.168.20.2NTPSERVERARGS=iburst[root@duwensql~]#

配置本地yum源

[root@duwensql~]#[root@duwensql~]#mount/dev/sr0/mnt/mount:blockdevice/dev/sr0iswrite-protected,mountingread-only[root@duwensql~]#df-h|tail-1/dev/sr03.6G3.6G0100%/mnt[root@duwensql~]#echo"/dev/sr0/mnt/iso9660defaults00">>/etc/fstab[root@duwensql~]#rm-rf/etc/yum.repos.d/*[root@duwensql~]#cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel6.repo<<EOF>[rhel6-source]>name=rhel6-source>baseurl=file:///mnt>enabled=1>gpgcheck=0>EOF[root@duwensql~]#yumcleanallLoadedplugins:product-id,refresh-packagekit,security,subscription-managerThissystemisnotregisteredtoRedHatSubscriptionManagement.Youcanusesubscription-managertoregister.Cleaningrepos:rhel6-sourceCleaningupEverything[root@duwensql~]#yumlist

检测依赖环境，包括gcc，gcc-c++，autoconf，automake，zlib ，zlib-devel， openssl ，openssl-devel ，pcre-devel，

[root@duwensql~]#[root@duwensql~]#yuminstall-ygccgcc-c++autoconfautomake[root@duwensql~]#yuminstall-yzlibzlib-developensslopenssl-develpcre-devel

为了方便从xshell上传软件包，这里安装一个工具

[root@duwensql~]#rpm/mnt/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm-ihwarning:/mnt/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA256Signature,keyIDfd431d51:NOKEY###########################################[100%]###########################################[100%][root@duwensql~]#

//上传软件包：nginx-1.6.0.tar.gzmysql-5.5.30.tar.gz php-5.4.14.tar.bz2

[root@duwensql~]#rzzwaitingtoreceive.**B0100000023be50[root@duwensql~]#lsanaconda-ks.cfginstall.log.syslognginx-1.6.0.tar.gz公共的视频文档音乐install.logmysql-5.5.30.tar.gzphp-5.4.14.tar.bz2模板图片下载桌面

正式开始安装MySQL了

解压到指定目录/usr/local/src/

[root@duwensql~]#[root@duwensql~]#tar-zxfmysql-5.5.30.tar.gz-C/usr/local/src/

建一个mysql用户，这里把这个用户显示出来

[root@duwensql~]#tail-1/etc/passwdmysql:x:500:500::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin[root@duwensql~]#

//安装cmake

[root@duwensql~]#yuminstall-ycmake

建立mysql的目录

[root@duwensql/]#mkdir/server[root@duwensql~]#cd/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5.30]#cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/server/mysql-5.5-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSERS=all-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_READLINT=1-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/server/mysql/data-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

//报错啦啦啦啦

CMakeErroratcmake/readline.cmake:83(MESSAGE):Curseslibrarynotfound.Pleaseinstallappropriatepackage,removeCMakeCache.txtandreruncmake.OnDebian/Ubuntu,packagenameislibncurses5-dev,onRedhatandderivatesitisncurses-devel.CallStack(mostrecentcallfirst):cmake/readline.cmake:127(FIND_CURSES)cmake/readline.cmake:217(MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)CMakeLists.txt:269(MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)--Configuringincomplete,errorsoccurred!

//这个错误就是ncurses这个依赖没有装，yum安装一下

[root@duwensqlncurses-5.9]#yum-yinstallncurses-devel

//装了那个ncurses依赖，还是报错，就只好把这个CMakeCache.txt找出来干掉了

[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5.30]#find/-nameCMakeCache.txt/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/CMakeCache.txt[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5.30]#rm-rf/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/CMakeCache.txt

//OK，现在重新cmake

//呐开心不，没有报错了呢！！！

现在make &&make install，过程就不写了

配置运行环境

[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5.30]#cd/server/[root@duwensqlserver]#lsmysql-5.5[root@duwensqlserver]#chown-Rmysql:mysql/server/mysql-5.5/

复制mysql配置文件

[root@duwensqlserver]#cd/etc/[root@duwensqletc]#llmy.cnf-rw-r--r--.1rootroot2518月92013my.cnf[root@duwensqletc]#mv./my.cnf./my.cnf.back[root@duwensqletc]#cp/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/support-files/my-large.cnf/etc/my.cnf[root@duwensqletc]#

这个步骤是加入开机启动项

[root@duwensqlinit.d]#cp/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/support-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld5.5[root@duwensqlinit.d]#chmod+x./mysqld5.5[root@duwensqlinit.d]#pwd/etc/init.d[root@duwensqlinit.d]#

//这里要改下，大概在第70行

[root@duwensqlinit.d]#vim/etc/init.d/mysqld5.5[root@duwensqlinit.d]#head-71/etc/init.d/mysqld5.5|tail-7thenbasedir=/server/mysql-5.5bindir=/server/mysql-5.5/biniftest-z"$datadir"thendatadir=/server/mysql-5.5/datafi[root@duwensqlinit.d]#

//加入开机启动项

[root@duwensqlinit.d]#chkconfigmysqld5.5on[root@duwensqlinit.d]#chkconfig--listmysqld5.5mysqld5.50:关闭1:关闭2:启用3:启用4:启用5:启用6:关闭[root@duwensqlinit.d]#

初始化mysql

[root@duwensqlinit.d]#cd/usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.30/scripts/[root@duwensqlscripts]#chmod+xmysql_install_db[root@duwensqlscripts]#./mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf--basedir=/server/mysql-5.5--datadir=/server/mysql-5.5/data--user=mysqlInstallingMySQLsystemtables...OKFillinghelptables...OKTostartmysqldatboottimeyouhavetocopysupport-files/mysql.servertotherightplaceforyoursystemPLEASEREMEMBERTOSETAPASSWORDFORTHEMySQLrootUSER!Todoso,starttheserver,thenissuethefollowingcommands:/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysqladmin-urootpassword'new-password'/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysqladmin-uroot-hduwensqlpassword'new-password'Alternativelyyoucanrun:/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysql_secure_installationwhichwillalsogiveyoutheoptionofremovingthetestdatabasesandanonymoususercreatedbydefault.Thisisstronglyrecommendedforproductionservers.Seethemanualformoreinstructions.YoucanstarttheMySQLdaemonwith:cd/server/mysql-5.5;/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysqld_safe&YoucantesttheMySQLdaemonwithmysql-test-run.plcd/server/mysql-5.5/mysql-test;perlmysql-test-run.plPleasereportanyproblemswiththe/server/mysql-5.5/scripts/mysqlbugscript![root@duwensqlscripts]#

开启mysql

[root@duwensqlscripts]#/etc/init.d/mysqld5.5startStartingMySQL...[确定][root@duwensqlscripts]#

测试MySQL

//我这里最开始在家目录输入mysql显示没有命令，是因为没有加入环境变量的缘故啦，这里就不写出来了，直接到绝对路径去测试

root@duwensqlmysql-test]#cd/server[root@duwensqlserver]#lsmysql-5.5[root@duwensqlserver]#cdmysql-5.5/[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5]#lsbinCOPYINGdatadocsincludeINSTALL-BINARYlibmanmysql-testREADMEscriptssharesql-benchsupport-files[root@duwensqlmysql-5.5]#cdbin/[root@duwensqlbin]#./mysqlWelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.YourMySQLconnectionidis1Serverversion:5.5.30-logSourcedistributionCopyright(c)2000,2013,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/oritsaffiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.mysql>showdatabases;+--------------------+|Database|+--------------------+|information_schema||mysql||performance_schema||test|+--------------------+4rowsinset(0.04sec)mysql>

ctrl + c 退出

给他加个环境变量吧

[root@duwensql~]#echo$PATH/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin[root@duwensql~]#PATH="$PATH":/server/mysql-5.5/bin/

设置mysql的root账户密码，并测试登陆

[root@duwensql~]#mysqladmin-urootpassword'123456'[root@duwensql~]#mysql-uroot-p123456WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.YourMySQLconnectionidis4Serverversion:5.5.30-logSourcedistributionCopyright(c)2000,2013,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/oritsaffiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.mysql>

ctrl + c 退出

MySQL安装完了

来安装nginx吧

解压

[root@duwensql~]#tar-zxfnginx-1.6.0.tar.gz

编译

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.6.0]#./configure--prefix=server/nginx-1.6.0--user=nginx--group=nginx--with-http_dav_module--with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_addition_module--with-http_sub_module--with-http_flv_module--with-http_mp4_module

结果太多就不写了，放一个图

make&&make install

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.6.0]#make-j4&&makeinstall

开始配置

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#pwd/server/nginx-1.2.8[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#vimconf/nginx.conf

第二行加

usernginxnginx;

然后加下面的内容，括号{前面有空格

location~\.php${roothtml;fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_indexindex.php;fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/server/nginx-1.2.8/html$fastcgi_script_name;includefastcgi_params;}

大概的位置如下图

启动服务

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#/server/nginx-1.2.8/sbin/nginx

把服务加入开机启动

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#echo'/server/nginx-1.2.8/sbin/nginx&'>>/etc/rc.local[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#

测试下

测试配置文件和重新加载配置文件

[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#/server/nginx-1.2.8/sbin/nginx-tnginx:theconfigurationfile/server/nginx-1.2.8/conf/nginx.confsyntaxisoknginx:configurationfile/server/nginx-1.2.8/conf/nginx.conftestissuccessful[root@duwensqlnginx-1.2.8]#/server/nginx-1.2.8/sbin/nginx-sreload

来安装PHP

给PHP添加扩展模块：libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

1、让 PHP 编译支持这个功能

2、生成扩展模块

3、 --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/

安装libmcrypt库

[root@duwensql~]#tar-zxflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz[root@duwensql~]#cdlibmcrypt-2.5.8[root@duwensqllibmcrypt-2.5.8]#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/[root@duwensqllibmcrypt-2.5.8]#echo$?0[root@duwensqllibmcrypt-2.5.8]#make-j4&&makeinstall

加个环境

[root@duwensqllibmcrypt-2.5.8]#yum-yinstallphp-pear

解压以及编译

//在这一步出了好多好多错误，始料不及啊，本文把错误和解决贴上，如果还是不明白的话可以直接搜索错误，这里就不写了

[root@duwensql~]#tarjxfphp-5.4.14.tar.bz2-C/usr/local/src/[root@duwensql~]#cd/usr/local/src/php-5.4.14/[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#./configure--prefix=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-config-file-path=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-mysql=/server-5.5/--with-mysqli=/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysql_config--with-iconv-dir--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--with-curl--with-curlwrappers--enable-mbregex--enable-fpm--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-openssl--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/

报错1

#######configure:error:xml2-confignotfound.Pleasecheckyourlibxml2installation.[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#

解决1

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#yum-yinstalllibxml2*

重新编译

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#./configure--prefix=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-config-file-path=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-mysql=/server/mysql-5.5/--with-mysqli=/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysql_config--with-iconv-dir--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--with-curl--with-curlwrappers--enable-mbregex--enable-fpm--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-openssl--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/

报错2

checkingifweshouldusecURLforurlstreams...yescheckingforcURLindefaultpath...notfoundconfigure:error:Pleasereinstallthelibcurldistribution-easy.hshouldbein<curl-dir>/include/curl/[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#

解决2：

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#yum-yinstallcurl-devel

重新编译

报错3

checkingwhethertoenableJIS-mappedJapanesefontsupportinGD...nocheckingforfabsf...yescheckingforfloorf...yesconfigure:error:jpeglib.hnotfound

解决3：*不要丢了

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#yum-yinstalllibjpeg*

再次编译

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]./configure--prefix=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-config-file-path=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-mysql=/server/mysql-5.5/--with-mysqli=/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysql_config--with-iconv-dir--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--with-curl--with-curlwrappers--enable-mbregex--enable-fpm--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-openssl--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/

报错4：

checkingforjpeg_read_headerin-ljpeg...yesIfconfigurefailstry--with-vpx-dir=<DIR>configure:error:png.hnotfound.[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#

解决4：*不要丢了

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#yum-yinstalllibpng*

再次编译

报错5：

configure:error:freetype.hnotfound.

解决5：*不要丢掉了

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#yum-yinstallfreetype*

再次编译

报错6：

checkingforspecifiedlocationoftheMySQLUNIXsocket...noconfigure:error:CannotfindMySQLheaderfilesunder/server-5.5/.NotethattheMySQLclientlibraryisnotbundledanymore!

这个应该是指定路径错误，改下

再次编译

报错7：

configure:error:wrongmysqllibraryversionorlibnotfound.Checkconfig.logformoreinformation.

解决7：

“=/server/mysql-5.5/bin/mysql_config”删掉试试

改好以后的执行：

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#./configure--prefix=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-config-file-path=/server/php-5.4-nginx--with-mysql=/server/mysql-5.5/--with-mysqli--with-iconv-dir--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--with-curl--with-curlwrappers--enable-mbregex--enable-fpm--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-openssl--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/

历经千辛万苦啊

这里贴上一些参数的意思

--with-iconv-dir #字符集转换需要的扩展模块

–without-iconv 关闭 iconv 函数，种字符集间的转换

–with-freetype-dir 打开对 freetype 字体库的支持

–with-jpeg-dir 打开对 jpeg 图片的支持

–with-png-dir 打开对 png 图片的支持

–with-libxml-dir 打开 libxml2 库的支持

–disable-rpath 关闭额外的运行库文件

–enable-bcmath 打开图片大小调整,用到 zabbix 监控的时候用到了这个模块

下面是make && make install

[root@duwensqlphp-5.4.14]#make-j4&&makeinstall

生成配置文件

[root@duwensql~]#cp/usr/local/src/php-5.4.14/php.ini-production/server/php-5.4-nginx/php.ini

生成php-fpm配置文件

[root@duwensql~]#cp/server/php-5.4-nginx/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/server/php-5.4-nginx/etc/php-fpm.conf

生成php-fpm启动脚本

[root@duwensql~]#cp/usr/local/src/php-5.4.14/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm[root@duwensql~]#chmod+x/etc/init.d/php-fpm[root@duwensql~]#/etc/init.d/php-fpmstartStartingphp-fpmdone[root@duwensql~]#netstat-anptu|grep9000tcp00127.0.0.1:90000.0.0.0:*LISTEN76616/php-fpm[root@duwensql~]#

测试php

[root@duwensql~]#vim/server/nginx-1.2.8/html/a.php[root@duwensql~]#cat/server/nginx-1.2.8/html/a.php<?phpphpinfo();?>[root@duwensql~]#

效果图如下

The End！