在平时处理文件的时候，都会用到模块os，今天运用os模块获取绝对路径下的文件的文件名和后缀名，这里测试文件为:

[root@python~]#cattestfile/usr/local/application/website/test.txt/usr/local/application/website/test.txt/usr/local/bin/test.sh/usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG.jpg/usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG.jpg/usr/local/application/CSS/up.css/usr/local/application/PNG/good.png/usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG.jpg/usr/local/application/CSS/main.css/usr/local/application/GIF/hello.gif/usr/local/application/js/foot.js[root@python~]#


接下来编写脚本:

[root@python~]#catget_file_name.py#!/usr/bin/envpythonimportoswithopen('/root/testfile','r')asobj:forlineinobj:printos.path.splitext(line.strip())[root@python~]#


运行脚本输出结果:

[root@python~]#pythonget_file_name.py('/usr/local/application/website/test','.txt')('/usr/local/application/website/test','.txt')('/usr/local/bin/test','.sh')('/usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG','.jpg')('/usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG','.jpg')('/usr/local/application/CSS/up','.css')('/usr/local/application/PNG/good','.png')('/usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG','.jpg')('/usr/local/application/CSS/main','.css')('/usr/local/application/GIF/hello','.gif')('/usr/local/application/js/foot','.js')[root@python~]#


从以上可以看出，每一行为一个元组，然后继续修改get_file_name文件:

[root@python~]#catget_file_name.py#!/usr/bin/envpython#-*-coding:utf8-*-importoswithopen('/root/testfile','r')asobj:forlineinobj:print"文件路径为:%s文件后缀为:%s"%(os.path.splitext(line.strip())[0],os.path.splitext(line.strip())[1])[root@python~]#


再运行脚本查看结果:

[root@python~]#pythonget_file_name.py文件路径为:/usr/local/application/website/test文件后缀为:.txt文件路径为:/usr/local/application/website/test文件后缀为:.txt文件路径为:/usr/local/bin/test文件后缀为:.sh文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG文件后缀为:.jpg文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG文件后缀为:.jpg文件路径为:/usr/local/application/CSS/up文件后缀为:.css文件路径为:/usr/local/application/PNG/good文件后缀为:.png文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG文件后缀为:.jpg文件路径为:/usr/local/application/CSS/main文件后缀为:.css文件路径为:/usr/local/application/GIF/hello文件后缀为:.gif文件路径为:/usr/local/application/js/foot文件后缀为:.js[root@python~]#


这里主要是运用os模块的splitext函数功能，以'.'的分隔符将一个完整的文件进行分割成元组，然后通过元组的下标获取元组中的元素。