[Spring cloud 一步步实现广告系统] 3. 网关路由

2025-01-06 技术教程

Zuul（Router and Filter）

WIKI: 传送门

作用认证，鉴权（Authentication/Security）预判（Insights）压力测试（Stress Testing）灰度/金丝雀测试（Canary Testing）动态路由（Dynamic Routing）服务迁移（Service Migration）降低负载（Load Shedding）静态响应处理（Static Response handling）主动/主动交换管理（Active/Active traffic management）

关键配置：

The configuration property zuul.host.maxTotalConnections and zuul.host.maxPerRouteConnections, which default to 200 and 20 respectively.

创建mscx-ad-zuul

三步曲创建法：

添加依赖

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>加注解

@SpringCloudApplication@EnableZuulProxy //启用网关public class GatewayApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args); }}改配置

spring: application: name: ad-gateway-zuulserver: port: 1111eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://server1:7777/eureka/,http://server2:8888/eureka/,http://server3:9999/eureka/ instance: hostname: ad-gateway-zuulzuul: ignored-services: '*' # 过滤所有请求，除了下面routes中声明过的服务 routes: sponsor: #在路由中自定义服务路由名称 path: /ad-sponsor/** serviceId: mscx-ad-sponsor #微服务name strip-prefix: false search: #在路由中自定义服务路由名称 path: /ad-search/** serviceId: mscx-ad-search #微服务name strip-prefix: false prefix: /gateway/api strip-prefix: false #不对 prefix: /gateway/api 设置的路径进行截取，默认转发会截取掉配置的前缀过滤器编写

我们来编写一个记录请求时间周期的过滤器，根据Filter的三种类型:Pre filters,routing filters 和Post filters，我们需要定义2个filter，用来记录开始和结束时间，很明显，我们需要实现Pre & Post2个过滤器。

@Slf4j@Componentpublic class PreRequestFilter extends ZuulFilter { @Override public String filterType() { // pre filter return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE; } @Override public int filterOrder() { return 0; } @Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } @Override public Object run() throws ZuulException { //获取当前请求的请求上下文 RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); //记录请求进入时间 requestContext.set("api_request_time", System.currentTimeMillis()); return null; }}---@Slf4j@Componentpublic class AccessLogFilter extends ZuulFilter { @Override public String filterType() { return FilterConstants.POST_TYPE; } @Override public int filterOrder() { //需要最后一个执行的filter return FilterConstants.SEND_RESPONSE_FILTER_ORDER - 1; } @Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } @Override public Object run() throws ZuulException { RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest(); log.info("Request \"{}\" spent : {} seconds.", request.getRequestURI(), (System.currentTimeMillis() - Long.valueOf(requestContext.get("api_request_time").toString())) / 1000); return null; }}Gateway