产生这个文档，是因为在家里的虚拟机（32位）上，RHEL6环境yum安装MySQL非常不顺利。在公司的64位一体机上，打算在虚拟机上再试一次。没想到，寻找RHEL6的yum源配置文件，反而成了麻烦。

　　从昨天中午到下午4点，包括这篇文档的雏形才算基本完成。找了不少网络资料，太多不靠谱。我是根据文中的提到的2篇“参考资料”才完成的。

　　yum配置，从2011年秋天学RHCE的时候，就一直是我的痛点。现在，通过光盘挂载配置yum源应该没有问题。但是，通过Internet配置yum……虽然反复折腾多次，但好像没有太多的进步。

　　把这篇文档整理出来，希望在日后再遇到类似的问题，可以照猫画虎，先把问题解决再说。


1.删除redhat原有的

[root@nagios~]#yumrpm-aq|grepyum|xargsrpm-e--nodepsCommandlineerror:nosuchoption:-aerror:packageUsage:isnotinstallederror:package[options]isnotinstallederror:packageCOMMANDisnotinstallederror:packageshellisnotinstallederror:packageRunisnotinstallederror:packageanisnotinstallederror:packageinteractiveisnotinstallederror:packageshellisnotinstalled

2.下载yum安装文件

　　注意：最好自己到镜像站点（如：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/）找相应的包，这里列出来的包名称，过段时间可能会过时。

[root@nagios~]#wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm--2014-09-0422:46:55--http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm正在解析主机mirrors.163.com...123.58.173.106正在连接mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.106|:80...已连接。已发出HTTP请求，正在等待回应...200OK长度：1019540(996K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]正在保存至:“yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm”100%[==========================================================================================================================================================>]1,019,5401.43M/sin0.7s2014-09-0422:46:57(1.43MB/s)-已保存“yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm”[1019540/1019540])[root@nagios~]#wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm--2014-09-0422:47:20--http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm正在解析主机mirrors.163.com...123.58.173.106正在连接mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.106|:80...已连接。已发出HTTP请求，正在等待回应...200OK长度：27224(27K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]正在保存至:“yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm”100%[==========================================================================================================================================================>]27,224--.-K/sin0.08s2014-09-0422:47:20(343KB/s)-已保存“yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm”[27224/27224])[root@nagios~]#wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm--2014-09-0422:48:15--http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm正在解析主机mirrors.163.com...123.58.173.106正在连接mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.106|:80...已连接。已发出HTTP请求，正在等待回应...200OK长度：28220(28K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]正在保存至:“yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm”100%[==========================================================================================================================================================>]28,220--.-K/sin0.05s2014-09-0422:48:15(611KB/s)-已保存“yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm”[28220/28220])[root@nagios~]#wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm--2014-09-0422:49:42--http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm正在解析主机mirrors.163.com...123.58.173.106正在连接mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.106|:80...已连接。已发出HTTP请求，正在等待回应...200OK长度：37052(36K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]正在保存至:“python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm”100%[==========================================================================================================================================================>]37,05288.7K/sin0.4s2014-09-0422:49:43(88.7KB/s)-已保存“python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm”[37052/37052])

　　这里使用的是网易镜像，在这里可以找到你想要的，不一定要用CentOS的软件包。

3.安装yum，必须按照顺序

[root@nagios~]#rpm-ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmwarning:python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA256Signature,keyIDc105b9de:NOKEYPreparing...###########################################[100%]packagepython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarchisalreadyinstalled[root@nagios~]#rpm-ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmwarning:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA1Signature,keyIDc105b9de:NOKEYPreparing...###########################################[100%]file/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/_sqlitecache.sofrominstallofyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64conflictswithfilefrompackageyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.x86_64file/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/sqlitecachec.pycfrominstallofyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64conflictswithfilefrompackageyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.x86_64[root@nagios~]#rpm-ivhyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpmwarning:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA1Signature,keyIDc105b9de:NOKEYPreparing...###########################################[100%]1:yum-plugin-fastestmirro###########################################[100%]

　　注意：最后两个包必需同时安装，否则会相互依赖。

[root@nagios~]#rpm-ivhyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmwarning:yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA1Signature,keyIDc105b9de:NOKEYPreparing...###########################################[100%]file/etc/bash_completion.d/yum.bashfrominstallofyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarchconflictswithfilefrompackageyum-3.2.27-14.el6.noarchfile/etc/yum.conffrominstallofyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarchconflictswithfilefrompackageyum-3.2.27-14.el6.noarchfile/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.pyfrominstallofyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarchconflictswithfilefrompackageyum-3.2.27-14.el6.noarch……其它输出略……

4.将CentOS 6的仓库作为yum源

[root@nagios~]#cd/etc/yum.repos.d/[root@nagiosyum.repos.d]#ll总用量0

　　通过这次配置发现，yum源的名称不重要，只要保证后缀是“.repo”即可。

[root@nagiosyum.repos.d]#cat163.repo[base]#yum源的名称name=CentOS-$releasever-Base#这个yum源的名称，在做kicakstart时需要特别注意baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/#yum源地址：如果是本地源，“file:///”中的第3个“/”表示本地根目录enable=1#不启用这个yum源为“0”，启用安全校验为“1”gpgcheck=1#不启用安全校验为“0”，启动安全校验为“1”gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#安全校验，检测这个yum源的rpm包是否为红帽官方包导入gpgkey#releasedupdates[updates]name=CentOS-$releasever-Updatesbaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/enable=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#packagesused/producedinthebuildbutnotreleased#[addons]#name=CentOS-$releasever-Addons#baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/#gpgcheck=1#gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatmaybeuseful[extras]name=CentOS-$releasever-Extrasbaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/enable=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatextendfunctionalityofexistingpackages[centosplus]name=CentOS-$releasever-Plusbaseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0

　　参考文档：http://yongzhilinux.blog.51cto.com/2651263/909977——RHEL5和RHEL6下本地以及网络yum源的创建

5.清除yum的缓存（命令“yum clean all”）

6.yum安装mysql

[root@nagiosyum.repos.d]#yum-yinstallmysql-serverLoadedplugins:fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit,rhnpluginThissystemisnotregisteredwithRHN.RHNsupportwillbedisabled.Determiningfastestmirrorsbase|3.7kB00:00base/primary_db|4.4MB00:10extras|3.3kB00:00extras/primary_db|19kB00:00updates|3.4kB00:00updates/primary_db|4.8MB00:44SettingupInstallProcessResolvingDependencies-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql-server.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->ProcessingDependency:mysql=5.1.73-3.el6_5forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:perl-DBD-MySQLforpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit)forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit)forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-libs=5.1.73-3.el6_5forpackage:mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64--->Packageopenssl.x86_640:1.0.1e-16.el6_5.15settobeupdated--->Packageperl-DBD-MySQL.x86_640:4.013-3.el6settobeupdated-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql-libs.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->FinishedDependencyResolutionDependenciesResolved====================================================================================================================================================================================================PackageArchVersionRepositorySize====================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing:mysql-serverx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates8.6MInstallingfordependencies:mysqlx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates894kperl-DBD-MySQLx86_644.013-3.el6base134kUpdatingfordependencies:mysql-libsx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates1.2Mopensslx86_641.0.1e-16.el6_5.15updates1.5MTransactionSummary====================================================================================================================================================================================================Install3Package(s)Upgrade2Package(s)Totaldownloadsize:12MDownloadingPackages:(1/5):mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm|894kB00:01(2/5):mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm|1.2MB00:01http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/x86_64/Packages/mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm:[Errno12]Timeoutonhttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/x86_64/Packages/mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm:(28,'')Tryingothermirror.(4/5):openssl-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.15.x86_64.rpm|1.5MB00:02(5/5):perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm|134kB00:00ErrorDownloadingPackages:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64:failure:Packages/mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpmfromupdates:[Errno256]Nomoremirrorstotry.

　　安装失败，提示好像是没有更多的yum源地址。

　　更换另1个yum源配置文件，安装也失败。

[root@nagiosyum.repos.d]#yum-yinstallmysql-serverLoadedplugins:fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit,rhnpluginThissystemisnotregisteredwithRHN.RHNsupportwillbedisabled.Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfilehttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6Server/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml:[Errno14]HTTPError404:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6Server/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xmlTryingothermirror.Error:Cannotretrieverepositorymetadata(repomd.xml)forrepository:addons.Pleaseverifyitspathandtryagain

　　再次使用第1个yum源配置文件“163.repo”，安装成功。不过，安装过程中，还是有错误出现。

[root@nagiosyum.repos.d]#yum-yinstallmysql-serverLoadedplugins:fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit,rhnpluginThissystemisnotregisteredwithRHN.RHNsupportwillbedisabled.Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfilebase|3.7kB00:00extras|3.3kB00:00updates|3.4kB00:00SettingupInstallProcessResolvingDependencies-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql-server.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->ProcessingDependency:mysql=5.1.73-3.el6_5forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:perl-DBD-MySQLforpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit)forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->ProcessingDependency:libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit)forpackage:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-libs=5.1.73-3.el6_5forpackage:mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64--->Packageopenssl.x86_640:1.0.1e-16.el6_5.15settobeupdated--->Packageperl-DBD-MySQL.x86_640:4.013-3.el6settobeupdated-->Runningtransactioncheck--->Packagemysql-libs.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5settobeupdated-->FinishedDependencyResolutionDependenciesResolved====================================================================================================================================================================================================PackageArchVersionRepositorySize====================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing:mysql-serverx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates8.6MInstallingfordependencies:mysqlx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates894kperl-DBD-MySQLx86_644.013-3.el6base134kUpdatingfordependencies:mysql-libsx86_645.1.73-3.el6_5updates1.2Mopensslx86_641.0.1e-16.el6_5.15updates1.5MTransactionSummary====================================================================================================================================================================================================Install3Package(s)Upgrade2Package(s)Totalsize:12MTotaldownloadsize:8.6MDownloadingPackages:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64.rpm|8.6MB00:06warning:rpmts_HdrFromFdno:HeaderV3RSA/SHA256Signature,keyIDc105b9de:NOKEYbase/gpgkey|3.3kB00:00...ImportingGPGkey0xC105B9DE"CentOS-6Key(CentOS6OfficialSigningKey)"fromhttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6Runningrpm_check_debugRunningTransactionTestTransactionTestSucceededRunningTransactionWarning:RPMDBalteredoutsideofyum.Updating:openssl-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.15.x86_641/7Updating:mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_642/7Installing:perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_643/7Installing:mysql-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_644/7Installing:mysql-server-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_645/7Cleanup:mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_646/7Cleanup:openssl-1.0.0-4.el6.x86_647/7Installed:mysql-server.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5DependencyInstalled:mysql.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_640:4.013-3.el6DependencyUpdated:mysql-libs.x86_640:5.1.73-3.el6_5openssl.x86_640:1.0.1e-16.el6_5.15Complete!

　　参考文档：http://www.chinadmd.com/file/r3zuu3uostrvaicitoszsocx_1.html——RHEL 6.1网络yum配置