PHP初级练习实战之公司留言板（原生）

2024-12-31 技术教程

PHP初级练习实战之留言板
初学者做的东西，有的地方写的不好，哈哈哈！
一.知识重点
1.三目运算 $page= empty($_GET['p']) ? 1: $_GET['p'];
2.数据库的操作mysqli的方法
3.html css js
4.字符串的拼接
5.制作分页页码
6.完整验证码的制作
7.类的运用
8.session传递验证码的方法

二 .代码
代码分为6个文件，liuyanbook.php为主页

1.liuyanbook.php主界面

<?php//日期$weekday = ["日","一","二","三","四","五","六"];date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Shanghai'); $now = getdate(time());$week=$now['wday'];$date = date("Y年m月d日星期$weekday[$week]");//echo $date;//设置页码变量//默认首页p=1$page= empty($_GET['p']) ? 1: $_GET['p'];//页码$showPage = 3;//计算偏移量$pageoffset = ($showPage-1)/2;//连接数据库，取数据$host = "127.0.0.1";$dbuser = "root";$password = "";$dbname = "php10";$db = new mysqli($host, $dbuser, $password, $dbname);if ($db->connect_errno != 0) { echo "连接失败:"; echo $db->connect_error; exit;}//分页$db->query("set names utf8");$limit = ($page-1) * 5;$sql = "select * from msg order by id desc limit {$limit},5";$mysqli_result = $db->query($sql);if ($mysqli_result == false) { echo "SQL错误！"; exit;}//var_dump($mysqli_result);//总页数$total_sql = "select count(*) from msg";$total_result = $db->query($total_sql);$total_array = mysqli_fetch_array($total_result,MYSQLI_ASSOC);$total = $total_array["count(*)"];//echo $total;//计算页数$total_pages = ceil($total/5);//echo $total_pages;?><!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>三态电子商务有限公司</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"/> <script type="text/javascript"></script></head><body><div class="contentout"> <div class="date"><?php echo $date;?></div> <div class="h"> <h2>三态电子商务有限公司</h2> <h3>留言板</h3> </div> <div class="all"> <div class="add"> <form action="liuyan.php" method="post"> <textarea name="content" class="content" cols="60" rows="8"></textarea><br> 留言人：<input ; name="user" class="user" type="text"/> <p>验证码图片：<img id="captcha_img" border="1" src="str.php?r=<?php echo rand();?>" width="100px" height="30"</p> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="document.getElementById('captcha_img').src='str.php?r='+Math.random()">换一个？</a> 请输入图片中的内容：<input ; type="text" name="authcode" value="" /> <input class="btn" type="submit" value="提交留言"/> </div> </form>  <?php while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($mysqli_result,MYSQLI_ASSOC)) { ?> <div class="msg"> <div class="info"> <span class="user"><?php echo $row["user"];?></span> <span class="num"><?php echo "  ".$row["id"]."楼";?></span> <span class="time"><?php echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",$row["intime"]);?></span> </div> <div class="content"> <?php echo $row["content"];?> </div> </div> <?php } ?> </div> //页码部分 <div class="page"> <?php $page_banner = ""; if ($page > 1) { $page_banner = "<a href='liuyanbook.php?p=1'>首页</a>"; $page_banner.= "  "."<a href='liuyanbook.php?p=".($page-1)."'>上一页</a>"; } //初始化前面页码数据 $start = 1; $end = $total_pages; if ($total_pages > $showPage) { if($page > $pageoffset + 1) { $page_banner.="..."; } if ($page > $pageoffset) { $start = $page - $pageoffset; $end = $total_pages > $page + $pageoffset ? $page + $pageoffset : $total_pages; } else { $start = 1; $end = $total_pages > $showPage ? $showPage : $total_pages; } if ($page + $pageoffset > $total_pages) { $start = $start - ($page + $pageoffset - $total_pages); } } //显示前面的页码 for($i=$start;$i<$end;$i++) { $page_banner.= "  "."<a href='".$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?p=".$i."'>{$i}</a>"; } //显示尾部省略 if ($total_pages > $showPage && $total_pages > $page + $pageoffset) { $page_banner.="..."; } if ($page < $total_pages) { $page_banner.= "  "."<a href='".$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?p=".($page+1)."'>下一页</a>"; $page_banner.= "  "."<a href='liuyanbook.php?p=".$total_pages."'>尾页</a>"; } //页码部分字符拼接 $page_banner.= "  "."共".$total_pages."页"; $page_banner.= "  "."共".$total."条留言"; $page_banner.= "<form action='liuyanbook.php' method='get' style= display:inline>"; $page_banner.= "  "."跳转到第<input type='text' size='1' name='p'>页"; $page_banner.= "<input type='submit' value='确定'>"; $page_banner.= "</form>"; echo $page_banner; ?> </div></div> </body></html>

2.liuyan.php后端验证，插入数据

<?phpinclude('class_input.php');include('dbcontent.php');//include('str.php');$content = $_POST["content"];$user = $_POST["user"];$authcode = $_POST["authcode"];//不能为空/*if ($content == "") { die("留言内容不能为空！");}if ($user == "") { die("请输入留言人的姓名！");}*///对输入的内容和留言人进行检测，不能含有李星和王瑶两个名字$input = new input();//检测显示的结果$is = $input->post($content);if ($is == false) { die("留言内容不能为空或者存在禁止关键字!");}$is = $input->post($user);if ($is == false) { die("留言人不能为空或者存在禁止关键字！");}//检测验证码$codeinput = new codeinput();$iscode = $codeinput->check($authcode);if ($iscode == false) { die("请输入正确的验证码！");}//var_dump($content,$user);//将留言内容写入数据库$time = time();$sql = "insert into msg (content, user, intime) values ('{$content}','{$user}','{$time}')";//echo $sql;$is = $db->query($sql);//var_dump($is);header("location:liuyanbook.php");//跳回主页?>

3.class_input.php两个类，验证关键字和验证码的类

<?phpclass input { function post($word) { if ($word == "") { return false; } //定义禁止使用的用户 $name = ["李星","王瑶"]; //循环禁止使用的关键字，user一一与它对比 foreach ($name as $key => $value) { if ($word == $value) { return false; } } return true; }}class codeinput { function check($code) { if ($code == "") { return false; } //判断输入验证码是否正确 if (isset($code)) { session_start(); if (strtolower($code) == $_SESSION["authcode"]) { return true; } else { return false; } exit();} }}?>

4.dbcontent.php数据库连接

<?php$host = "127.0.0.1";$dbuser = "root";$password = "";$dbname = "php10";$db = new mysqli($host, $dbuser, $password, $dbname);if ($db->connect_errno != 0) { die("连接数据库失败！");}$db->query("set names UTF8");?>

5.str.php生成验证码

<?phpsession_start();header("content-type: image/png"); //生成白色底图 $image = imagecreatetruecolor(100, 30); $bgcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, 255, 255, 255); imagefill($image, 0, 0, $bgcolor); //在白色底图上生成4个彩色随机字符 /*1.生成4个数字 for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) { $fontsize = 6; $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(0, 120), rand(0, 120), rand(0, 120)); $fontcontent = rand(0, 9); $x = ($i*100/4) + rand(5, 10); $y = rand(5, 10); imagestring($image, $fontsize, $x, $y, $fontcontent, $fontcolor); }*/ //2.生成随机字母数字 $captch_code = "";//将生成的验证码存入该变量中 for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) { $fontsize = 6; $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(0, 120), rand(0, 120), rand(0, 120)); //随机截取字母数字 $data = "abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz23456789"; $fontcontent = substr($data,rand(0,strlen($data)),1); $captch_code.= $fontcontent;//追加到验证码存放 $x = ($i*100/4) + rand(5, 10); $y = rand(5, 10); imagestring($image, $fontsize, $x, $y, $fontcontent, $fontcolor); } $_SESSION["authcode"] = $captch_code;//保存到session中 //在白色底图上生成随机点(干扰元素) for($i=0;$i<200;$i++) { $pointcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(50, 200), rand(50, 200), rand(50, 200)); imagesetpixel($image, rand(1, 29), rand(1, 29), $pointcolor); } //在白色底图上生成随机线(干扰元素) for($i=0;$i<3;$i++) { $linecolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(80, 220), rand(80, 220), rand(80, 220)); imageline($image, rand(1, 99), rand(1, 29), rand(1, 99), rand(1, 29), $linecolor); } imagepng($image); imagedestroy($image);?>

6.style.css界面样式

.all { width: 800px; margin: 0px auto;}.contentout { width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto;}.date { text-align:right;}.h { text-align:center;}.add {overflow: hidden;}.add .content { width: 98%; padding: 6px; margin: 0px; font-size:20px; }.add .btn { float: right; width: 100px; height: 40px; font-size: 20px;}.msg { margin: 10px 0px; background: #ccc; padding: 10px; font-size: 18px;} .msg .info{overflow: hidden;}.msg .user { float: left; color: blue;}.msg .num { font-style: italic; font-size: 16px; color: red;} .msg .time { float: right; color: #999;}.msg .content { width: 100%;}.page { text-align:center; font-size: 18px;}``.all { width: 800px; margin: 0px auto;}.contentout { width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto;}.date { text-align:right;}.h { text-align:center;}.add {overflow: hidden;}.add .content { width: 98%; padding: 6px; margin: 0px; font-size:20px; }.add .btn { float: right; width: 100px; height: 40px; font-size: 20px;}.msg { margin: 10px 0px; background: #ccc; padding: 10px; font-size: 18px;} .msg .info{overflow: hidden;}.msg .user { float: left; color: blue;}.msg .num { font-style: italic; font-size: 16px; color: red;} .msg .time { float: right; color: #999;}.msg .content { width: 100%;}.page { text-align:center; font-size: 18px;}

三.数据库
表结构

四.截图界面