root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#apt-getinstall-ydocker-engineReadingpackagelists...DoneBuildingdependencytreeReadingstateinformation...Done...root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerversionClient:Version:18.06.1-ceAPIversion:1.38Goversion:go1.10.4Gitcommit:e68fc7aBuilt:FriOct1919:43:142018OS/Arch:linux/amd64Experimental:falseServer:Engine:Version:18.06.1-ceAPIversion:1.38(minimumversion1.12)Goversion:go1.10.4Gitcommit:e68fc7aBuilt:ThuSep2702:39:502018OS/Arch:linux/amd64Experimental:falseroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#systemctlstartdockerroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#systemctlenabledockerSynchronizingstateofdocker.servicewithSysVservicescriptwith/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.Executing:/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-installenabledocker

搜索ubuntu相关的容器

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockersearchubuntuNAMEDESCRIPTIONSTARSOFFICIALAUTOMATEDubuntuUbuntuisaDebian-basedLinuxoperatingsys…8838[OK]dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vncUbuntuwithopenssh-serverandNoVNC247[OK]rastasheep/ubuntu-sshdDockerizedSSHservice,builtontopofoffi…184[OK]consol/ubuntu-xfce-vncUbuntucontainerwith"headless"VNCsession…136[OK]ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansibleUbuntu14.04LTSwithansible95[OK]ubuntu-upstartUpstartisanevent-basedreplacementforth…92[OK]下载容器

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerpullubuntu-upstartUsingdefaulttag:latestlatest:Pullingfromlibrary/ubuntu-upstart8387d9ff0016:Pullcomplete3b52deaaf0ed:Pullcomplete4bd501fad6de:Pullcompletea3ed95caeb02:Pullcompletea6dc1658c730:Pullcomplete9ed623dca71b:Pullcomplete998ee72febf9:Pullcomplete437038dc2fba:Pullcompleteda0ee05a1a1d:Pullcomplete1e1c3e99deb1:Pullcomplete4fcc22d7b2a1:Pullcomplete6c7dda5571e4:PullcompleteDigest:sha256:597dfb1868012dcd04a705572dbc1542cb7598bce0eaa1c2656eb3acfc8b51d2Status:Downloadednewerimageforubuntu-upstart:latest查看容器的镜像

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerimagesubuntu-upstartREPOSITORYTAGIMAGEIDCREATEDSIZEubuntu-upstartlatestb28219773b9b2yearsago253MB

从上面的结果可以看到，容器已经成功下载。利用下载的ubuntu-upstart容器，可以运行一个简单的程序，此处以“Hello Docker”为例：

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerrunubuntu-upstart/bin/echoHelloDockerHelloDocker

还可以使用其他容器，如使用ubuntu作为容器，下载操作如下：

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerpullubuntuUsingdefaulttag:latestlatest:Pullingfromlibrary/ubuntu32802c0cfa4d:Pullcompleteda1315cffa03:Pullcompletefa83472a3562:Pullcompletef85999a86bef:PullcompleteDigest:sha256:6d0e0c26489e33f5a6f0020edface2727db9489744ecc9b4f50c7fa671f23c49Status:Downloadednewerimageforubuntu:latestroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerimagesubuntuREPOSITORYTAGIMAGEIDCREATEDSIZEubuntulatest93fd78260bd110daysago86.2MBDocker的容器操作

当Docker中包含了容器，就如同虚拟机中安装了操作系统一样，可以运行、安装软件、做一些设置。现在就可以运行之前下载的ubuntu:

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerrun-i-tubuntu/bin/bash#运行一个名为ubuntu的容器#i选项表示捕获标准输入和输出；t选项表示分配的终端和控制台root@05559b460591:/#root@05559b460591:/#uname-aLinux05559b4605914.15.0-36-generic#39-UbuntuSMPMonSep2416:19:09UTC2018x86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linuxroot@05559b460591:/#exit#退出容器exitroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerpsCONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES

命令可以看到使用run命令运行了一个容器但退出之后容器也关闭了这不是想要的结果-这时可以使用选项d让容器一直在后台运行” data-source-line=”114″>从上面的命令可以看到，使用run命令运行了一个容器，但退出之后容器也关闭了，这不是想要的结果。这时可以使用选项d让容器一直在后台运行：

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerrun-d-i-tubuntu/bin/bashb19cc95aef9cb6f402062915b527864cf045debc65dbabd23a495cea32a138ddroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerps-aCONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMESb19cc95aef9cubuntu"/bin/bash"15secondsagoUp14secondskind_johnson05559b460591ubuntu"/bin/bash"35minutesagoExited(0)9minutesagoxenodochial_hypatia5bc78fd29b2aubuntu-upstart"/bin/echoHelloDoc…"42minutesagoExited(0)42minutesagosilly_jenningsc54bb6d664b7ubuntu-upstart"/bin/echoHelloDoc…"44minutesagoExited(0)44minutesagojolly_thompson

从上面的命令输出可以看到一个ID为b19cc95aef9c的容器正在运行，这个ID号就是操作此容器的重要参数。 容器运行在后台时，可以使用attach登录正在运行的容器：

root@jaking-virtual-machine:~#dockerattachb19cc95aef9croot@b19cc95aef9c:/#exitexitroot@jaking-virtual-machine:~#

容器的操作还有很多命令，常用的操作还有：

dockercp:将容器中的文件复制到主机上dockerrm:删除一个容器dockerport:配置容器的端口转发dockerstart:启动一个容器dockerstop:停止一个容器dockertop:显示容器中的进程dockerps:列出容器dockerlogs:获取容器的日志除了以上这些操作外，Docker还有许多操作，可自行阅读相关文档了解。