Python xlwt导出excel完整版

2024-12-29 技术教程

有一组任务数据，要把它excel下载下来，如果仅仅导出，用csv导出就很方便。

但是要导出漂亮的样式，重复的地方要合并单元格，设置背影颜色，字体，边框等。而CSV是纯文本格式，不支持设置各种样式。

研究了一天，把代码写了出来。

背影颜色参考地址，搜索_colour_map_text

样式设置参考地址

完整代码如下：

import xlwtbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')sheet = book.add_sheet('sheetname')def set_style(color='white', height=260, bold=False): #：设置单元格字体 style = xlwt.XFStyle() font = xlwt.Font() # font.name = name font.bold = bold font.color_index = 4 font.height = height style.font = font # 设置单元格背景颜色 pattern = xlwt.Pattern() pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN pattern.pattern_fore_colour = xlwt.Style.colour_map[color] style.pattern = pattern #:设置单元格边框线条 borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, # MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, # THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, # SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D. borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style #：设置单元格居中格式 alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, # HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # 横向居中 alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # 纵向居中 May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED alignment.wrap = xlwt.Alignment.WRAP_AT_RIGHT # ：自动换行 style.alignment = alignment return style#：模拟数据data = [ { "goal_id": 17, "goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528", "goal_progress": 0, "name": "\u589e\u52a0\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5ef6\u671f\u63d0\u9192\u4e0e\u5c55\u793a\u3002", "owner": "aaron.yang", "progress": 0, "result_id": 26, "result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf", "result_progress": 0, }, { "goal_id": 17, "goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528", "goal_progress": 0, "name": "task2", "owner": "aaron.yang", "progress": 0, "result_id": 26, "result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf", "result_progress": 0, }, { "goal_id": 17, "goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528", "goal_progress": 0, "name": "task3", "owner": "aaron.yang", "progress": 0, "result_id": 26, "result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf", "result_progress": 0, },]# 写入第一行数据row0 = ['目标名称', '目标进度', '关键结果名称', '关键结果进度', '任务名称', '任务负责人', '任务进度']sheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'OKR', set_style('purple_ega', height=500))sheet.write_merge(0, 0, 4, 6, '任务', set_style('cyan_ega', height=500))# 写入第二行数据for i in range(0, len(row0)): sheet.write(1, i, row0[i], set_style('sky_blue'))# 把需要合并的单元格，统计要合并多少行，以key,value形式缓存起来。goal_tmp = {}result_tmp = {}for task in data: if task['goal_id'] not in goal_tmp: goal_tmp[task['goal_id']] = 1 else: goal_tmp[task['goal_id']] += 1 if task['result_id'] not in result_tmp: result_tmp[task['result_id']] = 1 else: result_tmp[task['result_id']] += 1goal_ids = []result_ids = []for index, task in enumerate(data): index = index + 1 row_start = 1 + index #：如果已合并单元格，把id追加到列表，避免重复合并 if task['goal_id'] not in goal_ids: row_end = index + goal_tmp[task['goal_id']] sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 0, 0, task['goal_name'], set_style()) sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 1, 1, task['goal_progress'], set_style()) goal_ids.append(task['goal_id']) if task['result_id'] not in result_ids: row_end = index + result_tmp[task['result_id']] sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 2, 2, task['result_name'], set_style()) sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 3, 3, task['result_progress'], set_style('yellow')) result_ids.append(task['result_id']) # 写入接下来的几列数据，并根据关键的列设置背景颜色 sheet.write(row_start, 4, task['name'], set_style()) sheet.write(row_start, 5, task['owner'], set_style()) sheet.write(row_start, 6, task['progress'], set_style('yellow'))#：设置单元格宽度sheet.col(0).width = 10000sheet.col(2).width = 10000sheet.col(3).width = 4000sheet.col(4).width = 10000sheet.col(5).width = 5000#：写入到文件book.save('/tmp/bookname.xls')