#字典 key不允许出现重复，value可以出现重复#使用大括号{}创建dict1 = {}dict2 = {"name":"李","age":"23"}#利用函数dict创建字典dict3 =dict(name="李畅",sex="男")print(dict3)#dict.formkeys创建键值dict4 = dict.fromkeys(['name','sex','hiredate','grade'])print(dict4)#字典的取值employee = dict(name='王峰',sex='男',hiredate='1997-10-20',grade='A' ,job='销售',salry='1000')print(employee)print(employee['name'])job = employee.get('job')print(job)print(employee.get('dept','其他部门'))#判断key是否在字典中print('name' in employee)#遍历字典for key in employee:#把key以此取出来 v=employee[key] print(key,end="") print(v)for key,value in employee.items(): print(key,value)#字典的更新操作employee['name'] = '李畅'print(employee)#多个key直进行更新employee.update(salry = 12000,job='信息')print(employee)#删除指定kvemployee.pop('salry')print(employee)#删除末端kvemployee.popitem()print(employee)#清空字典employee.clear()print(employee)#为字典设置默认值emp1 = {'name':'jacky','grade':'B'}emp2 = {'name':'lily',}emp2.setdefault('grade','C')#如果不存在则设置，如果存在则不管# if 'grade' not in emp2:# emp2['grade'] = 'C'print(emp2)#获取字典的视图#获取所有的键ks=employee.keys()print(ks)vs = employee.values()print(vs)its = employee.items() #修改视图后字典也会变化print(its)#用字典字符串的格式化emp_str = "姓名：%(name)s,评级：%(grade)s"%emp1#其中name是键，print(emp_str)#新版本字典格式化emp_str = "姓名：{name},评级：{grade}".format_map(emp1)print(emp_str)#字典的散列值hash