nagios安装配置笔记

2024-12-27 技术教程

安装

server 192.168.12.145

client192.168.12.144

服务器端安装

nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz

nagios-plugins-1.4.5

安装环境

yum install httpd gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel perl

添加nagios用户和组

useradd nagios ##若是指定-s 为nologin，则重启nagios的时候可能会报错，但是不影响功能

groupadd nagcmd

usermod -G nagcmd nagios

usermod -G nagcmd apache

安装nagios

tar -xf nagios-2.2.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src/nagios-2.2.1

./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd

make all

make install##安装主程序

make install-init ##安装启动脚本

make install-config ##创建配置文件

make install-commandmode##配置目录权限

make install-webconf

定义联系人

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

定义联系人和组

创建一个用户用于在web页面登陆nagios

htpasswd -c /usr/locl/nagios/etc/httpasswd.user nagiosadmin

重启apache

chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

若权限不对可能造成web界面没有权限打开该文件，造成无法登陆

编辑http.conf配置文件

scriptAlias "/nagios/cgi-bin""/usr/local/nagios/sbin"

<Directory"/usr/local/nagios/sbin">

Options ExecCGI

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users##此处为之前建的用户认证文件位置

Require valid-user

</Directory>

Alias /nagios"/usr/local/nagios/share"

<Directory"/usr/local/nagios/share">

Options None

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

Require valid-user

</Directory>

重启apache

安装nagios-plugins-1.4.15

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make && make install

验证配置文件是否有错

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

关闭selinux

在浏览器输入http://ip/nagios 输入htpasswd命令生成的账户密码即可以访问

注意点：php是否安装 apache是否加载了php模块

错误：

apache access.log

10.13.115.1 - nagiosadmin[26/Jun/2011:13:01:10 +0800] "GET /nagios/side.php HTTP/1.1" 304

10.13.115.1- nagiosadmin [26/Jun/2011:13:01:10 +0800] "GET /nagios/p_w_picpaths/sblogo.pngHTTP/1.1" 304 –

10.13.115.1- nagiosadmin [26/Jun/2011:13:01:10 +0800] "GET/nagios/stylesheets/common.css HTTP/1.1" 304

10.13.115.1- nagiosadmin [26/Jun/2011:13:01:10 +0800] "GET/nagios/p_w_picpaths/greendot.gif HTTP/1.1" 304

apace error.log

[notice]Apache/2.2.19 (Unix) DAV/2 configured -- resuming normal operations

[error][client xx.xx.115.1] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /usr/local/nagios/share

[error][client xx.xx.115.1] Directoryindex forbidden by Options directive: /usr/local/nagios/share

[error][client xx.xx.115.1] Directoryindex forbidden by Options directive: /usr/local/nagio/share

解决办法:

php页面无法被apache解析

解决：
在apache的配置文件httpd.conf修改
第一步：

<IfModuledir_module>

DirectoryIndexindex.html

</IfModule>

改成

<IfModuledir_module>

DirectoryIndexindex.phpindex.html

</IfModule>

第二步：
增加如下内容，记得装php

LoadModulephp5_modulemodules/libphp5.so

AddTypeapplication/x-httpd-php.php.phtml

AddTypeapplicatoin/x-httpd-php-source.phps

问题2

输入账户密码无法登陆

查看apache配置文件添加的用户认证那一段

查看/usr/localnagios/etc/下面的用户账户密码文件htpasswd.users

发现apache的用户和nagios下面的用户文件名不一致，修改其中一个即可

问题3

[Tue Jan 27 01:51:51 2015] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /var/www/html/

[Tue Jan 27 01:51:51 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] (13)Permission denied: exec of '/usr/local/nagios/sbin/status.cgi' failed, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:51:51 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] Premature end of script headers: status.cgi, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:51:55 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] (13)Permission denied: exec of '/usr/local/nagios/sbin/status.cgi' failed, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:51:55 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] Premature end of script headers: status.cgi, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:52:07 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] (13)Permission denied: exec of '/usr/local/nagios/sbin/status.cgi' failed, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:52:07 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] Premature end of script headers: status.cgi, referer: http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

[Tue Jan 27 01:52:08 2015] [error] [client 192.168.12.27] (13)Permission denied: exec of '/usr/local/nagios/sbin/status.cgi' failed, referer:

http://192.168.12.149/nagios/side.php

此问题导致nagios访问页面无法显示，原因selinux没关

问题4

u're trying to run actually exists.

Jan 27 02:30:42 localhost nagios: Warning: Return code of 127 for check of service 'LOAD' on host '192.168.12.145' was out of bounds. Make sure the plugin you're trying to run actually exists.

Jan 27 02:31:42 localhost nagios: Warning: Return code of 127 for check of service 'LOAD' on host '192.168.12.145' was out of bounds. Make sure the plugin you're trying to run actually exists.

用check_nrpe进行监控的需要在监控命令前加上check_nrpe，如下

check_command check_nrpe!check_nrpe_load

监控端服务器安装nrpe

需要安装openssl和openssl-devel，不然会出错

tar –xf nrpe-2.13.tar.gz

cdnrpe-2.12

./configure –enable-ssl –with-ssl-lib

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

下面这条监控端可以不用执行（监控端nrpe只需要安装即可），被监控端的nrpe必须启动

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe –c/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d启动nrpe，或者将nrpe嵌入xinetd中，由xinetd启动

必须关闭防火墙，可以用service iptables status查看规则，service iptablesstop关闭防火墙，或者配置一条规则允许5666号端口

被监控端安装

必须安装openssl和openssl-devel，否则会出错

tar –xf nagios-plugins-1.3.13.tar.gz

cd nagios-plugins-1.3.13

useradd nagios

cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13

./configure –with-nagios-user=nagios –with-nagios-group=nagios

make

make install

chown –R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios

安装nrpe

tar –xf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz

cd nrpe-2.12

./configure –enable-ssl –with-lib

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

make install-xinetd 将nrpe嵌入xinetd服务（也可以用上面的我上面用到的命令启动）

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

修改allowed_host=127.0.0.1为allowed_host=127.0.0.1,192.168.12.145（监控服务器的ip）

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe –Hlocalhost

如果出现 NRPE v2.12则说明安装成功

如果出现connection refused by host 则需要安装openssl或者是防火墙或selinux没关

修改nagios下面的object里面的commands.cfg文件增加check_nrpe的定义

definecommand{

command_name check_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe –H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

}

在监控机上测试与被监控机的通讯是否正常

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe –Hlocalhost –c check_load

OK - loadaverage: 0.05, 0.06, 0.00|load1=0.050;15.000;30.000;0;load5=0.060;10.000;25.000;0; load15=0.000;5.000;20.000;0;

则说明正常

nagios配置文件

nagios安装后下面共有bin etc libexec sbin share var几个目录

etc存放配置文件

bin存放nagios的命令

sbin存放通过web外部方式执行的cgi

libexec存放的是所有插件

var存放log和pid文件

sharenagios网页文件目录，存放一些html文件

若是要添加web登陆的用户，而不是用默认的nagiosadmin，则需要在etc/cgi.cfg的authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin后面加上需要添加到用户，如：nagiosadmin，henshui 具体添加条目需要百度

在nagios.cfg添加一些目录存放自己设定的相关配置文件，找到cfg_file部分

根据自己添加到目录设定配置文件存放的位置,例如:

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

配置文件里面的$USER1$和$USER$是变量，因原路径太长，定义变量简化（变量是在resource.cfg中定义的）

$USER1$=/usr/local/nagios/libexec

$USER7$=-C mypublic -2 （snmp插件的命令行中参数需要设置snmp相关的信息，为节省输入，在此定义变量）

$HOSTADDRESS$为我们下面要定义的主机，即我们定义的检测对象。他的值就是主机IP地址

$ARG1$代表参数1，$ARG2$代表参数2

可以在service中定义组，属于这个组的主机都会被监控

check_command check_snmp_storage!-m "^VirtualMemory$"!70!90 定义监控命令

这里的！代表带入参数，几个！代表接收几个参数，每个参数之间用！分隔

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg 新建hosts.cfg文件，存放主机与主机组定义

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg 新建services.cfg文件，存放服务与服务组定义

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg 定义监控本机的状态

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg 定义什么时间段进行监控

commands.cfg 命令配置文件

contacts.cfg 联系人配置文件

#定义服务出了状况通知的时间段，这个时间段就是在timeperiods.cfg中定义的

service_notification_period24x7

#主机出了状况通知的时间段，同上

host_notification_period24x7

#当服务出现w-（warning），u-（unkown），c-（critical），或者r-从一擦汗那个情况恢复正常，通知联系人

service_notification_optionsw,u,c,r

#当主机出现d-（down）,u-(unreachable)，r

#################################################################

此处可以无视

#################################################################

define host{

use linux-server

host_name 192.168.12.145

alias 192.168.12.145

address 192.168.12.145

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.12.145

service_description check_ping

check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.12.145

service_description LOAD

check_command check_nrpe!check_nrpe_load

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 192.168.12.145

service_description check_ssh

check_command check_ssh

max_check_attempts 5

normal_check_interval 1

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