[Android]电话拨号器开发

2024-12-23 技术教程

继续今天的Android，经过昨天大体了解了Android开发的一些基本文件结构，今天来做一个电话拨号器！

预期达到的效果
实现过程首先还是按照昨天第一篇教程，新建一个项目叫PhoneCall的Android的应用这里采用的是LinearLayout是线性布局控件，LinearLayout详细介绍[java]view plaincopyprint?

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

然后在res/Values/string.xml添加string

接着在activity_main.xml新建输入文本框,添加特殊的id属性android:id="@+id/et_number"，这里‘+’表示动态向R文件添加一个静态的内部类id，然后在R文件中动态的添加了一个et_number,以便后面进行操作[java]view plaincopyprint?

<EditText

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:numeric="integer"

android:lines = "1"

android:hint="@string/hint"

android:id="@+id/et_number"

其中在<EditText/>文本框下添加限制只能输入一行并且全部为数字的字符
[java]view plaincopyprint?

android:numeric="integer"

android:lines = "1"

接下来处理按钮点击事件
在MainActivity中添加this.findViewById(R.id.bt_dail);就能找到该按钮，它返回的其实是一个view，继承关系是button继承自TextView，TextView又继承自View
注册MainActivity的tag
public static final String tag = "MainActivity";
添加点击事件
[java]view plaincopyprint?

Button button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.bt_dail);

button.setOnClickListener((OnClickListener) new MyButtonClickListener());

privateclass MyButtonClickListener implements OnClickListener

{

@Override

publicvoid onClick(View v) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

System.out.println("按钮被点击了");

Log.i(tag, "button被点击了");

Log.e(tag, "error");

Log.d(tag, "debug");

Log.v(tag,"verbios");

Log.w(tag, "warm");

}

点击按钮会在Log日志中会输对应的日志

然后实现拨打电话的功能
[java]view plaincopyprint?

privateclass MyButtonClickListener implements OnClickListener

{

@Override

publicvoid onClick(View v) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

//拿到电话号码

EditText mEditText = (EditText)MainActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.et_number);

String number = mEditText.getText().toString();

Log.i(tag, number);

//拨打电话号码

Intent intent = new Intent();//意图代表一个要执行动作的意图

//拨打动作 110

intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_CALL);//Intent.ACTION_DAL是拨号的操作

//输入的话就拨打输入的，不属于的话就拨打作者的号码

if(!"".equals(number))

{

intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+number));

}

else

{

Log.i(tag, "我的号码");

intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+"13262983383"));

}

//激活意图

startActivity(intent);

}

到目前为止代码是差不多了点击运行，会发现报错了
我们来查看权限错误的Log日志
[java]view plaincopyprint?

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): <span style="color:#ff0000;">java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial</span>: starting Intent { act=android.intent.action.CALL dat=tel:110 cmp=com.android.phone/.OutgoingCallBroadcaster } from Proce***ecord{45ec9830 516:com.example.phonecall/10038} (pid=516, uid=10038) requires android.permission.CALL_PHONE

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1247)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1235)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.app.ActivityManagerProxy.startActivity(ActivityManagerNative.java:1298)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.app.Instrumentation.execStartActivity(Instrumentation.java:1373)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.app.Activity.startActivityForResult(Activity.java:2817)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.app.Activity.startActivity(Activity.java:2923)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at com.example.phonecall.MainActivity$MyButtonClickListener.onClick(MainActivity.java:45)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2408)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:8816)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)

04-0911:31:19.945: E/AndroidRuntime(516): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

会发现这么一句[java]view plaincopyprint?

java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial

也就是没有权限，这里要配置允许调用系统打电话的功能

解决办法，添加权限
找到ANdroidManifest.xml清单文件，找到Permissions
Add->android.permission.CALL_PHONE_CALL

然后保存再次点击运行，会发现能够实现打电话的功能了
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