C语言实现通讯录的方法
这篇文章主要讲解了C语言实现通讯录的方法，内容清晰明了，对此有兴趣的小伙伴可以学习一下，相信大家阅读完之后会有帮助。
实现的功能有：
1.初始化通讯录；
2. 通讯录中增加条目；
3. 删除通讯录中的指定条目；
4. 按指定规则查找通讯录中特定条目；
5. 打印通讯录中的所有信息；
6. 修改通讯录的指定条目；
7. 销毁通讯录；
8. 将通讯录内容保存在文件；
9. 将文件中的内容加载回内存。
**Addr_Book.h**
#pragma once#include <stddef.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#define NAME_SIZE 200 #define PHONE_SIZE 200 #define ADDR_SIZE 200typedef struct PersonInfo { char name[NAME_SIZE]; char phone[PHONE_SIZE]; char addr[ADDR_SIZE];} PersonInfo;#define FILE_PATH "./data.txt"enum { DISPLAY = 1, ADD = 2, ERASE = 3, FIND = 4, MODIFY = 5, EXIT = 0};typedef struct AddrBook { PersonInfo* data;//内容 size_t size; //联系人数量 size_t capacity; //通讯录容量} AddrBook;/*** @brief 初始化通讯录** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookInit(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 通讯录中增加条目** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookAdd(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 删除通讯录中的指定条目** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookErase(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 按指定规则查找通讯录中特定条目** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookFind(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 打印通讯录中的所有信息** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookDisplay(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 修改通讯录的指定条目** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookModify(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 销毁通讯录** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookDestroy(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 将通讯录内容保存在文件** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookSave(AddrBook* addr_book);/*** @brief 将文件中的内容加载回内存.** @param addr_book*/void AddrBookLoad(AddrBook* addr_book);
**Addr_Book.c**
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1#include "Addr_Book.h"//打印通讯录void AddrBookDisplay(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } printf("\n====================通讯录=========================\n"); printf("| 姓名 | 号码 | 地址 |\n"); printf("|----------------|---------------|----------------|\n"); size_t i = 0; for (; i < addr_book->size; ++i){ printf("| %s | %s | %s |\n", addr_book->data[i].name, addr_book->data[i].phone, addr_book->data[i].addr); printf("|----------------|---------------|----------------|\n"); }}//初始化通讯录void AddrBookInit(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return ; } addr_book->size = 0; addr_book->capacity = 1; addr_book->data = (PersonInfo*)malloc(sizeof(PersonInfo)*addr_book->capacity);}//扩大内存void AddrBookRelloc(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } addr_book->capacity = addr_book->capacity * 2 + 1;//内存不够，扩大容量 PersonInfo* new_data = (PersonInfo*)malloc(sizeof(PersonInfo)*addr_book->capacity);//开辟新的空间大小 size_t i = 0; for (; i < addr_book->size; ++i){ new_data[i] = addr_book->data[i];//将旧内存赋给新内存 } free(addr_book->data);//释放旧内存 addr_book->data = new_data;}//添加联系人void AddrBookAdd(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } if (addr_book->size >= addr_book->capacity){ //内存不够需要扩大内存 AddrBookRelloc(addr_book); } size_t cur = addr_book->size; ++addr_book->size; printf("添加联系人\n"); printf("输入姓名："); scanf("%s", addr_book->data[cur].name); printf("输入号码："); scanf("%s", addr_book->data[cur].phone); printf("输入地址："); scanf("%s", addr_book->data[cur].addr); printf("添加结束!\n");}//删除指定联系人void AddrBookErase(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } char delete_name[200] = {0}; printf("输入要删除联系人姓名："); scanf("%s", &delete_name); size_t i = 0; for (; i <addr_book->size;++i){ if (strcmp(addr_book->data[i].name, delete_name)){ free(addr_book->data); addr_book->size--; printf("已删除！"); } else{ printf("删除失败，请重新输入联系人！"); } }}//保存内容void AddrBookSave(AddrBook* addr_book){ FILE* fp = fopen(FILE_PATH, "w"); if (fp == NULL){ printf("打开文件失败!\n"); return; } size_t i = 0; for (; i < addr_book->size; ++i){ fprintf(fp, "| %s | %s | %s |\n", addr_book->data[i].name, addr_book->data[i].phone, addr_book->data[i].addr); } fclose(fp);}//按姓名查找联系人void AddrBookFind(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } char delete_name[200] = { 0 }; printf("输入所查找联系人姓名："); scanf("%s", &delete_name); size_t i = 0; for (; i <addr_book->size; ++i){ if (strcmp(addr_book->data[i].name, delete_name)){ printf("找到了，该联系人信息为：姓名：%s,号码：%s,地址：%s\n", addr_book->data[i].name, addr_book->data[i].phone, addr_book->data[i].addr); } else{ printf("此人不存在！\n"); } }}//修改联系人信息void AddrBookModify(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL){ return; } char name[200] = { 0 }; printf("输入要修改的联系人名字："); scanf("%s", &name); size_t i = 0; for (; i < addr_book->size; ++i) { if (strcmp(addr_book->data[i].name, name) == 0) { printf("这是第%lu个联系人：\n", i + 1); printf("此人信息为：\n 姓名：%s ,电话：%s ,地址：%s\n", addr_book->data[i].name, addr_book->data[i].phone, addr_book->data[i].addr); } } size_t num = 0; printf("输入要修改的联系人编号："); scanf("%lu", &num); char name2[200]; char phone[200]; char addr[200]; printf("请输入新的姓名："); scanf("%s", name2); strcpy(addr_book->data[num - 1].name, name2); printf("请输入新的电话号码："); scanf("%s", phone); strcpy(addr_book->data[num - 1].phone, phone); printf("请输入新的地址："); scanf("%s", addr); strcpy(addr_book->data[num - 1].addr, addr); printf("修改成功！\n"); return;}//销毁通讯录void AddrBookDestroy(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book == NULL) { printf("addr_book is null\n"); return; } else { addr_book->size = 0; addr_book->capacity = 0; free(addr_book->data); printf("销毁成功！\n"); }}//将文件中的内容加载回内存void AddrBookLoad(AddrBook* addr_book){ if (addr_book = NULL){ printf("通讯录为空！\n"); return; } FILE* fp = fopen(FILE_PATH,"r"); if (fp = NULL){ printf("打开文件失败!\n"); return; } while (!feof(fp)){ if (addr_book->size >= addr_book->capacity){ AddrBookRelloc(addr_book); } size_t cur = addr_book->size; fscanf(fp, "%s%s%s\n", addr_book->data[i].name, addr_book->data[i].phone, addr_book->data[i].addr); addr_book->size++; } fclose(fp);}//===============//以下为测试代码//===============void menu(){ AddrBook addr_book; AddrBookInit(&addr_book); AddrBookLoad(&addr_book); while (1){ printf("============1.打印通讯录=============\n"); printf("============2.增加联系人=============\n"); printf("============3.删除联系人=============\n"); printf("============4.查找联系人=============\n"); printf("============5.修改联系人=============\n"); printf("============6.销毁通讯录=============\n"); printf("============0.退出通讯录=============\n"); int choice = 0; printf("请输入所需功能："); scanf("%d", &choice); switch (choice){ case DISPLAY: AddrBookDisplay(&addr_book); break; case ADD: AddrBookAdd(&addr_book); AddrBookSave(&addr_book); break; case ERASE: AddrBookErase(&addr_book); break; case FIND: AddrBookFind(&addr_book); break; case MODIFY: AddrBookModify(&addr_book); AddrBookSave(&addr_book); break; case DESTROY: AddrBookDestroy(&addr_book); break; case EXIT: printf("退出通讯录！\n"); break; default: printf("请输入正确选择："); break; } }}int main(){ menu(); return 0;}
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